Transcript Athens and Sparta PPT

Tuesday, September 9th
 Looking at Athens/Sparta
 Finishing worksheets
 Notes
 Activity
 ASU won!  58-23
Warm Up:
 What was the Spartan training like?
 What kind of geography did Greece have?
A Tale of Two Wars
 The polis or city-state
was the central focus of
Greek life.
 A strong identity and
loyalty
 kept the city-states
divided
Spartan Values
 Strength
 Duty
 Discipline
Athenian Values
 Individuality
 Beauty
 Freedom
A city of the Wise
Where:
City located on southern portion of the Greek
peninsula, not on the Peloponnesus
Known For:
A city run by thinkers and known for both its military
might and wisdom in government and battle
Named After: named after Athena, goddess of
wisdom in battle and counsel
Art & Beauty
 Values art and beauty
above all
 Sculptures, buildings,
keeping oneself
beautiful very important
 Art: culture, sculpture,
paintings, vases, poetry,
theater- ALL very
important
Government
 New, democratic ideas emerge from
Athenian culture and society:
 Direct Democracy: Citizens elect
their representatives
 Public Debate: Becomes an art in
Athens to discuss and argue
specifics of government
 Duties of the Citizen: All citizens
have responsibilities such as
voting, participating in the
government process
Practiced throughout Greece
and in Athens
• Slaves usually barbarians (nonGreeks), typically captured in
war.
• Others were born slaves or
their free parents sold them
into slavery for money.
The Warrior State
WE ARE SPARTA!!!!!
Sparta Video I
Sparta
It was here:
SPARTA
Focused on: war and building up
strength to fight
Why strict laws: An early slave
revolt causes the Spartans to
create strict laws that
demanded public allegiance to
the state.
 No artistic culture; only war
skills
Sparta part II
 olig (few or little in Greek)
 arche (rule)
 Rule by a few
 the city-state was controlled by a king or by
an oligarchy
 Citizens are not encouraged to speak freely,
the few who rule were usually powerful
military leaders.
 Not allowed to Travel
 Outsiders not welcome
 Discouraged from studying philosophy,
literature, or arts.
 Studied Art of War
 Sparta was a military culture
• Went towards developing and fielding a strong army
• Children were taught at home until they were seven
At Seven, began their training
•
Exercises for them and all ages were always in
the nude.
• At 13, they were dropped off in the woods in
groups with nothing…had to survive (without
theft)
•
“The women did not bathe the babies with water, but with
wine, making it a sort of test of their strength. For they
say that the epileptic and sickly ones lose control and go
into convulsions, but the healthy ones are rather
toughened like steel and strengthened in their physique.
The nurses displayed care and skill: they did not use
swaddling-bands, making the babies free in their limbs
and bodies. They also made them sensible and not fussy
about their food, not afraid of the dark or frightened of
being left alone, not inclined to unpleasant
awkwardness or whining. So even some foreigners
acquired Spartan nurses for their children.”
on Spartans
"They learned reading and writing for basic needs, but all the rest of their
education was to make them well-disciplined and steadfast in hardship and
victorious in battle. For this reason, as boys grew older, the Spartans
intensified their training, cutting their hair short and making them used to
walking barefoot and for the most part playing naked. When the boys
reached the age of twelve, they no longer had tunics to wear, but got one
cloak a year. Their bodies were tough and unused to baths and lotions. They
enjoyed such luxury only a few special days a year. They slept, in packs, on
beds which they got together on their own, made from the tops of the
rushes to be found by the river Eurotas. These they broke off with their
bare hands, not using knives."
• Men married at the age of 20
• Had to live in barracks for ten years
• If they wanted to see their wives, they had to
escape
• At the age of 30, men could finally move home
and were full citizens
• Still ate every meal in the military dining hall
• Food was sparse and plain
Spartan mother to her son as he goes off to war:
“Return with your shield, or on it.”
 To help ensure the physical superiority of their
people, babies were bathed in wine shortly after
birth.
• If they survived, they were taken to elders.
• If the elders deemed the baby unfit, it was left exposed
to die on a hillside (other city-states practiced
exposure).
Military Service and Children
Women
• Learned reading/writing
• Girls given similar harsh physical training
as the boys
• Received same amount/quality of food
as boys
• Could own/control property and
•
Could overtake husband’s property while
he was @ war.
•
Expected to defend it too and to put down
revolts.
• Not rushed into bearing children.
• Husbands also allowed other men to bed
their wives and produce children.
•
May have practiced polyandry.
Sparta
 http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-
history/sparta
Comparing/Contrasting Athens
and Sparta