Transcript Cancer -uncontrollable growth of abnormal growth of abnormal cells.

Cancer
-uncontrollable or abnormal growth of abnormal cells.
 *1st leading cause of death is a heart
attack
 *Cancer is the 2nd leading cause of
death among adults

 *Between 5-10% of cancers are
hereditary.
Tumor
-abnormal mass of tissue that has no natural role in the
body.
 Types of Tumors:
 Benign tumors- non cancerous, grow slowly
surrounded by a membrane preventing them to spread
from site.
 Benign can be dangerous only if it interferes with
normal body functions.
 Ex (Brain tumor- can block blood flow.)
 Malignant- cancerous, spreads through body.
Vocabulary Words…
 Metastasis- The spread of cancer from the point where
it originated to the other parts of the body.
 Carcinogen- a cancer causing substance (ex: cigarette
smoke, ultraviolet light-tanning)
 60% of all cancers can be prevented through lifestyle
choices.
 Tobacco use- major cause of cancer deaths in the US
and the most preventable.
 Nearly 1 in 5 deaths are due to smoking or exposure to
Second hand smoke.
Types of cancer:
 Lymphomas- cancers of the immune system.
 Leukemias- cancers of the blood-forming organs.
 Carcinomas- cancer of the glands and the body linings
(skin and the linings of digestive tract and lungs)
 Sarcomas- cancers of connective tissues
 (bones, ligaments, and muscles)
 Reproduction Cancer- * Prostate > Males(50^)
* Testicular> Males( 15-34)
* Cervical>Women(15-20)
* Breast>Women( 40^)
Types of Cancer
Cancer
Factors
Symptoms
Screening
Skin-most common
Ultraviolet rays
Tanning beds
Mole or freckle that
changes, or discharge
Biopsies
Breast- 2nd leadind
cause of death for
women
Obesity, alcohol,
physical inactivity,
genetic factors
Unusual lump,
changes in shape
Mammogram
Self-exam
Prostate- 2nd leading
cause for me and most
common in men over
55yrs
High fat diet,Hereditary
Painful urination, blood
in urine or semen
Blood test
Lung- leading cause
of death in the U.S. in
both genders.
Cigarettes
No initial symptoms.
Later- coughing and
shortness of breath
Chest x-ray
Cervix-15,000 per yr
History of infection w/
HPV(human
papillonavirus)
Later- abnormal
vaginal bleeding
Pap smear
Testicle- Most
common for younger
men b/c of higher
levels of testosterone
Family history of
testicular cancer
Small, hard painless
lumps on testicle. Pain
between scrotum &
anus
Self-exam
Diagnosing Cancer:
 Regular physical exams, going once a
year to Doctor
 Self-exams once a month
 Be familiar w/ your own body
Warning signs:







Change in Bowel
A sore that doesn’t heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening Lump
Indigestion trouble swalowing
Obvious change in wart or mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness
Prevention





Know you health history
Do self exams
Avoid sunburn
Check ups
Don’t smoke & exercise regularly
Treatments:
 Surgery- is the standard method of removing tumors or affected
area.
 Radiation- uses energy from radium that can pinpoint and
penetrate a tumor. The energy destroys the tumor by damaging
DNA inside cell nuclei. This is usually done in an area that is an
awkward place( head, neck)
 Risk: Radiation damages the normal cells in it’s path.
 Chemotherapy- use of anticancer medications to treat cancer.
They are administered through IV injection and only attack the
abnormal cells.

Hormone Therapy- when specific hormones are injected into the
patient to prevent abnormal cells from being able to reproduce and
continue to grow.