Transcript Safety - TeacherWeb

Safety 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4
 I can identify potential hazards for myself,
co-workers, patients, and visitors; and
will prevent illness and injury by following
policies and procedures.
 I can prevent the spread of infection by
demonstrating proper handwashing.
 I can demonstrate principles of proper body
mechanics.
 I can appropriately use equipment.
 I can demonstrate proper emergency
protocols.
Safety in the
Working
Environment
Chapter 9 pg 142
Define: Body Alignment, Body
Mechanics, Safety
Essential Questions
 What is the purpose for keeping the
medical environment safe?
 Who is at risk for having an incident?
 Why should I practice proper body
alignment and body mechanics.
Safety
Safety is the basic need of all people
Practicing safety precautions is an
everyday activity
Key Term
 Safe environment- Person has a low risk
of becoming ill or injured, the person
feels safe and secure physically and
psychologically, the person feels
comfortable (not afraid)
External
Environment
External environment- temperature,
humidity, noise, light, ventilation,
neatness, odor and privacy
Temperature
 Comfortable at range from 68˚ to 72˚
Fahrenheit
 Some rooms have individual controls
 Fans and heaters may be needed to aid
in pt comfort
Humidity
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Amount of moisture in air
Range is 30% to 50%
Very low dries nasal passages
Vaporizers or humidifiers may be needed
Ventilation
 Movement of air
 Air-conditioning is used for ventilation
and temp. control
Light regulation
 Photophobia- a disorder in the nervous
sx where light is painful to eyes
 Sunny well lit room is cheerful and may
improve pt’s spirits
Use of color
 Bight colors may be to stimulating
 Usually subdued pastels are used on pt
rooms
Noise Control
 Negative factor
 Talking, laughing
 Equipment and machinery are often
noisy as rolled down hallway
Neatness and Order
 Keep uncluttered, neat, tidy
 Safety (Fire Marshall)
 Pt, Visitor, Staff
Prevention and Control of
Odors
 Odors may be pleasant or unpleasant
 Dispose of items properly
 Remove items that may cause odor –
fruit, flowers, ect.
 Good hygiene
 Good ventilation and cleanliness are
more effective than air spray
Privacy
 HIPAA- Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act
 Knock
 Close curtain
Essential Question
Reflection from yesterday
 Write two or three complete sentences in
response to the following question.
 What is the purpose for keeping the
medical environment safe and list three
ways that you as a PTA (physical
therapist assistant) can ensure a safe
environment for yourself, patient, visitors
and staff.
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SAFETY IN A HEALTH
CARE FACILITY
 Safety hazards exist in health care
facilities
 Some pts are more likely to have an
accident than others
 Pt must be protected from infection, falls,
equipment and disasters
 In order to give SAFE care you must give
the right patient the right care
 Always knock, Identify patient
Safety issues in the
healthcare environment
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Infection
Falls
Equipment
Disasters
Fire
Providing a safe
environment
 Safety is necessary in preventing
accidents and in reducing the possibility
of lawsuits
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Falls
Burns
Cuts/bruises
Altercations with others
Choking
Electrical shock
Risk Factors
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Age
Confused
Impaired senses
Paralyzed –
Paraplegic,
Quadriplegic
Hemiplegics
 Medications
Asepsis and Infection
Control
 Universal Precautions
 Standard Precautions
 Medical asepsis- techniques and skills
used to keep medical setting free of
disease causing microorganisms
 Hand washing is the single most important
way to prevent the spread of infection
 Safety skill for you and others
When and how should you
wash hands
 HOW
 Warm water and soap
 Scrub for a minimum of 15 seconds
 When
 Before and after giving care
 After touching contaminated materials or
equipment
 After going to the bathroom
 Before handling food
Causes of infections
 Microorganisms – a very small living
thing (plant or animal) that can only be
seen with a microscope
 Pathogen-causes illness
 Nonpathogen-usually doesn’t cause
illness/infection microscope
Microorganisms
 Are living and must have the following to live
and grow
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Moisture
Food
Oxygen
Temperature
Darkness
 Incapable of moving by themselves so rely on
other vehicles for transportation from site to
site
 Nosocomial infections
Essential Question
 Who is at risk for having an
incident/accident and why are they at
risk?
Microorganisms
 For an infection to occur
 Escape reservoir /host (where they multiply)
 Be transmitted to another host
 Skin, clothing
 Furniture, supplies, equipment
 Sneezing, coughing
 Most common method of transporting
microorganism is by direct contact with
infected person
Chain of infection
Causative
agent
Susceptible
host
Reservoir
Portal of entry
Method of
transmission
Portal of exit
Ways to prevent the
spread of infection
 Clean technique – hand washing
 Disinfecting – sprays kills pathogenic
only
 Sterilization – kills all microorganisms
pathogenic and nonpathogenic
Signs and Sx of Infection
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Fever
Swelling
Redness
Puss
Preventing Falls
 Remove foreign objects
 Clean Spills immediately and post
caution sign
 If high risk provide assistance
 Other precautions
 Side rails, Hand rails, Bed in lowest position,
Night lights, Nonskid shoes, Call light within
reach, Restraints
Body alignment and
movement
 One of the most common injuries to
PTA’s is severe muscle strain of the
lower back
 Muscle strain is painful and recovery is
long
 It is preventable
 Causes : improper body alignment, loss
of balance, poor body movements
Body Mechanics
 Body mechanics- a term used to refer to
the way in which the body moves and
maintains its balance by the most
efficient use of all its parts
 Body alignment – proper relationship of
the body segments to one another
 Balanced- stable, steady (not likely to
trip)
3 main principles of body
mechanics
 Using largest and strongest muscles
 Maintain center of gravity by keeping
object close to center of the base of
support
 Having a broad base of support
 Positions
 Supine – laying flat of back
 Lateral – on side
 Fowlers – sitting up in bed
Before Beginning Body
Movement
 Align Body and balance body with weight
distributed evenly on both feet
 Knees slightly flexed
 Tuck in buttocks
 Keep abdomen up and in
 Raise rib cage
 Keep head erect
Safety rules for restraints
 Check pulse every 15 minutes
 Proper body alignment
 Make sure pt can breath easily
 Remove and reposition every 2 hrs
 Call light within reach
MUST HAVE A PHYSCIAN ORDER
Accidents due to
equipment
 Never operate equipment unless you
know how to do so properly
 Report any unsafe situation or equipment
to your instructor/supervisor immediately
 The third prong on the electric plug
serves as a ground
 Prior to use inspect your equipment for
damage, loose parts, frayed cords
Disasters- sudden
catastrophic event in which
many people are killed and
property is destroyed
 Natural
 Man-made
Fire KNOW YOUR
POLICY AND
PROCEDURE
 Know your escape
plan, know location
of emergency exits
and fire extinguishers
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R-rescue
A-alarm
C-contain
E-extinguish
P-Pull
A-Aim
S-Squeeze
S-Swipe
3 things needed to start a fire: spark or flame, a
material that will burn and oxygen
Preventing Burns
 Always be alert for safety hazards
 Test the temp of heating devices, soaks
 Inspect electrical plugs, cords and
equipment prior to use
 Combustible materials (oily rags) need to
be stored properly
 O2 tanks and gas containers under
pressure should be secured with straps
to prevent falling – NO SMOKING
Reporting accidents
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Person involved
Date
Time
Location
Eye witnesses
Account of accident/incident
Safety in the Home
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Falls -# 1 cause for injury
Burns
Poisoning
Suffocation - #1 cause for death
 The termination of breathing
resulting in lack of oxygen
 http://paramedictv.ems1.com/Clip.aspx?k
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