Transcript Chapter 10
Special Health Concerns Chapter 10 1 • Reduce risk of osteoporosis by eating dairy foods and staying active – Calcium, phosphorous, and vitamin D • Following the Dietary Guidelines to protect against heart disease, high blood pressure some forms of cancer and other health problems 2 Eating Disorder • Behavior related to food, eating and weight that is extremely unhealthy and often related to emotional problems • Mainly in teens and young adults 3 Anorexia nervosa • Ignores feelings of hunger and eats very little or refuses to eat • See themselves as overweight when they are actually underweight • **starvation can damage the heart 4 Bulimia nervosa • Repeatedly binges, or eats large amounts of food at a time • To prevent weight gain, person might purge (laxatives or vomiting) • **may exercise excessively • Often they are normal weight 5 Bulimia • Stomach acids damage teeth and injure mouth and throat • Vomiting can cause stomach to rupture • Can be malnourished 6 Binge Eating • Binges but does not purge or exercise excessively • May be overweight or may “seesaw” between losing and gaining weight 7 Dangers of Eating Disorders • Emotional illness • Can have long term effects • Heart and kidney problems, breathing difficulties, digestive troubles and death 8 How To Get Help • Parent, teacher, counselor, doctor, etc • Sooner treatment begins, better chances for recovery • Support from family/friends promote recovery 9 Nutrition & Illness • • • • Plenty of fluids Help person sit comfortably Serve nutritious meals attractively Be calm and patient if you eat with ill person 10 • Soft foods help if the person can’t chew or swallow easily • Sick person may need small frequent meals • Use disposable dishes, cups, napkins to stop the spread 11 Special Diets for Health Problems • Food intolerance – means that the body has trouble digesting or handling a component of food • **Gluten intolerance – can’t digest gluten – Found in wheat and other grains 12 • Lactose intolerance – the inability to adequately digest lactose, the natural sugar found in milk and milk products • Symptoms: • Nausea, stomach pain, gas and diarrhea • Drink milk with other foods in servings of 1 C or less • Try eating milk products with less lactose • Look in dairy section for “lactose-reduced” or “lactose free” 13 • Ask doctor if you can take a supplement to help your body digest • Avoiding milk products not always the smart way to deal with it • Need calcium for bones 14 Food Allergy • Sensitivity to food that involves the body’s immune system • System reacts to food as if it were an illness • Symptom: rash, itching, stomach cramps, breathing problems, headache, nausea, vomiting 15 • True food allergies not common • Milk, eggs, wheat, peanuts, soy, tree nuts (almond & pecans), fish, shellfish (shrimp & lobster) • Consult health professional to diagnose and treat 16 Diabetes • Condition in which the body can’t control levels of sugar in the blood properly • • • • • 2 types Type 1 – in juveniles Body doesn’t produce enough insulin Type 2 – linked to obesity (most common) Body doesn’t use the insulin it produces 17 • Oral meds and insulin may be necessary • lifelong concern if they develop it young • As you age risk increases by: overweight 18 Modified Diets • Special eating plan that helps keep a medical condition under control • Low-fat, low-cholesterol diet • Low-sodium diet lowers blood pressure – Also helps with kidney problems • High-fiber diet helps digestive problems (constipation) 19 Food & Medications • Tips for taking meds • Follow directions for how and when to take meds • Some with food to avoid upset stomach • Some without food because food slows absorption of meds 20 Summary • Good nutrition helps lower the risk for a variety of health problems • Eating disorders are characterized by extreme and unhealthy behavior. These emotional illnesses need professional help. 21 • Good nutrition can help speed recovery for someone who is ill • A person who is following a special diet needs to make careful food choices • Food can help or hinder your body’s uses of medicines 22