Transcript Essentials of Sociology Fourth Edition

Essentials of Sociology
Fifth Edition
Chapter Three
Socialization
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Socialization
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A process people go through to
learn societal expectations
Society makes us human
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What is human about human
nature?
How many of our characteristics come
from “nature” (heredity) and how many
from “nurture” (the social environment)?
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Examples of the
importance of socialization
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Kinglsey’s case study of Isabelle
(language)
Skeels and Dye’s experiment with
institutionalized orphans (IQ)
Pine’s case study of Genie (bonding)
Harlow’s experiment with rhesus
monkeys (critical learning stage)
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Cooley’s
Looking Glass Self
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Charles Horton Cooley stated we develop a
self by interacting with others.
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The Looking Glass Self—the process by
which a self develops.
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Mead’s
Role Taking
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Children learn to take the role of others.
•
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Learned during play
Significant other
Generalized other
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Agents of Socialization
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Agents of
socialization—
people and groups
that influence our
self-concept,
emotions, attitudes,
and behavior.
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The family
The neighborhood
Religion
Day care
School and Peer
groups
Sports
The workplace
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Agents of socialization
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Break into pairs/groups. Each
will be assigned one agent of
socialization (refer to pages 6771). Discuss how and why this
institution socializes us then
share with others.
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Socialization into Gender
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Gender socialization—the ways in
which society sets children onto
different courses in life because they
are male or female.
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Socialization into Gender
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Gender- your sex is determined physically,
your gender is a culture’s way of identifying
your sex (masculine/feminine)
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Gender identity- the fundamental sense of
being male or female
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Gender typing- society’s ideas about being
male or female
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Gender messages in the
family
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Susan Goldberg and Michael Lewis
• laboratory observation with mothers and
their 6 month old infants
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Do strangers treat babies differently if
they think the baby is a boy or girl?
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Socialization into Emotions
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Universal emotions
Expression of emotions vary by
culture, class and gender
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Are We Prisoners
of Socialization?
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Sociologists do not think of people as
robots.
Socialization is powerful, but the self is
dynamic.
Each of us is actively involved in the
social construction of the self.
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