Transcript Definition of Bar Graph

Math Across the Curriculum:
Statistics and Probability
Paraprofessional Training
August 24th – August 28th
Pictographs
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Definition of
Pictograph
Pictograph is a way of
representing statistical
data using symbolic
figures to match the
frequencies of different
kinds of data.
Bar Graph
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Definition of
Bar Graph
A bar graph is a
graph that
compares
different
amounts using
bars.
Histogram
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Definition of
Histogram
A histogram is a bar
graph that shows
how frequently data
occur within certain
ranges or intervals.
The height of each
bar gives the
frequency in the
respective interval.
Stacked Bar Graph
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Definition of Stacked
Bar Graph
Stacked bar graph is a
graph that is used to
compare the parts to
the whole. The bars in
a stacked bar graph
are divided into
categories. Each bar
represents a total.
Line graphs
Line graph is a graph
that uses line segments
to connect data points
and shows changes in
data over time.
 More about Line Graph
 Multiple Line Graph: Multiple line graph is a
line graph that shows changes in data over
time for more than one category.
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Stem and Leaf Plot
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Definition of Stem-and-Leaf Plot
Stem-and-Leaf plot is a method of
organizing numerical data in order of
place value. The 'ones digit' and the
'tens digit and greater' of each data
item is seperated as leaves and stems
respectively.
Stem and Leaf Plot
The stem-and-leaf plot
below shows the number
of students enrolled in a
dance class in the past
12 years.
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The number of students are 81, 84, 85, 86,
93, 94, 97, 100, 102, 103, 110, and 111.
Circle graphs
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Definition of
Circle Graph
A circle graph is a
graph in the form of
a circle that is
divided into
sectors, with each
sector representing
a part of a set of
data.
Line plot
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Definition of Line
Plot
A line plot shows
data on a number
line with x or other
marks to show
frequency.
Scatter Plot
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Definition of
Scatter Plot
A scatter plot is a
graph made by
plotting ordered
pairs in a
coordinate plane to
show the
correlation between
two sets of data.
Frequency Table
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Definition of
Frequency Table
A frequency table is
a table that lists
items and uses
tally marks to
record and show
the number of
times they occur.
Function Table
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A function is a
relationship between
two quantities in which
one quantity depends
on the other.
A function is a manyto-one (or sometimes
one-to-one) relation.
Graphing relationships
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The data from an
input / output table
can be graphed on
a coordinate grid
Input (x)
Output (y)
Slope of the line
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Definition of
Slope
Slope is the
measure of
steepness of a line.
Mean (average)
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Data: 1, 5, 4, 3, 7
Mean (average)
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Normally we teach the formula for
finding the average (mean)
Add the values of all the data given
and then divided the sum by the
number (quantity) of data
1 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 7 = 20
20 ÷ 5 = 4
Average (mean)
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The mean (average) can also be found
be evenly distributing the values
Find the mean
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A random sample of 7 teachers were
asked how many hours worth of sleep
they got the night before the first day
of school
Their responses were:
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6, 8, 3, 6, 4, 6, 2
Mean, mode, median & range
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The mean (average) amount of sleep those
teachers got was 5 hours
Use the same data from the teacher’s survey
to find the mode (most common)
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6, 8, 3, 6, 4, 6, 2
Now rearrange the data to find the median
(middle value): 2, 3, 4, 6, 6, 6, 8
The data ranges from 2 to 8 or has a range
(distance between high and low values) of 6
Mean, Median & Mode
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Find the values of the 5 items of data
that have a range of 9, a mean of 11, a
median of 12, and a mode of 15.
_____, _____, _____, _____, _____
Driving decisions
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The Downing family is planning a 6-day
vacation in Denver.
Danny searches the web for car rental
rates and find the following deals:
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Car A: $199 per week, unlimited mileage
Car B: $172 per week, up to 300 miles with a
rate of 15¢ per mile after the first 300
Car C: $25 per day, 10¢ per mile
Driving decisions
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Danny expects to put some where between 400
and 500 miles on the rental car
Which rental plan would give Danny the best
deal?
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Car A: $199 per week, unlimited mileage
Car B: $172 per week, up to 300 miles with a rate of
15¢ per mile after the first 300
Car C: $25 per day, 10¢ per mile
Take a break while you work on this problem.
Driving decisions
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Which rental plan do you recommend
for Danny?
How did you decide on the best deal
for Danny’s family?
At what point does one plan become
better than another plan?
Did anyone graph it?
Organizing information visually
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400
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The Arm-Wrestling Contest
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6 Boys: Brady, Connor, Malik, Jeremy,
Mark, and Dave are having an ArmWrestling Contest
Each boy will wrestle the others once
to see who will be the champion.
How many arm-wrestling matches will
they need to have in order to find the
winner?
Creating a Sample Space
Brady
Dave
Connor
Mark
Malik
Jeremy
What are the chances for Mark?
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Mark is very hesitant about going first.
He doesn’t want to admit that he has
never arm-wrestled before.
He is thinking he has a one in 6
chance of going first?
What is the probability that Mark will
be chosen to arm-wrestle in the 1st
match?
What are the chances for Mark?
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What is the probability that Mark will
not be involved in the first match?
Probability
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The probability of the occurrence of an
event can be expressed as a fraction, a
percent or as a decimal between 0 and 1
0% - never happening, no chance
50% - could go either way
100% - no doubt, it will happen
What are the odds?
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What is the probability that I will win the
drawing if the odds are 2 to 1 against me
winning the drawing?
Odds can be expressed “for” or “against” and
will compare the two outcomes over time
2 to 1 odds against me winning is predicting
two losses for each win
With these odds, I only have a 1 out of 3
chance (about 33%) of winning.
Let’s Make a Deal!
1
2
3
Should I stay or switch doors?
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Is the contestant better off staying with
her / his original choice? Why?
Turn and talk to others at your table…
Let’s Play!
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One Game Show Host per table
One player
One recorder
Play 24 rounds.
Record decisions to stay or switch
Record wins and losses
To stay or to switch doors?
Goat
Goat
Car
Yes X
X Yes
X Yes
Switch!
Switch!
Stay!
Who is right?
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My mother chooses
the same numbers
every time she plays
Take 5 because she is
under the assumption
that her numbers are
bound to roll in one
day.
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My father always
allows the computer to
randomly choose his
numbers for him
because he thinks my
mother is ridiculous
and overly
superstitious. 
Who do you agree with and why? Turn and talk to a neighbor.