Transcript Speech Communication

Speech
Communication
English II
1st Semester
Chapter One:
“How Communication Affects Your Life”
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Communication: the process of sending and
receiving messages to achieve understanding
Two ways people communicate:
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Verbal: speaking and writing
Nonverbal: gestures, body language, moving around,
clothing, posture, and surrounding items
Communication: is used in everyday life and in
all situations in the presence of others
Two types of communication:
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Intrapersonal: an inward talking to yourself
Interpersonal: communication that takes place with
two or more human beings
Chapter One:
“How Communication Affects Your Life”
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Four types of Interpersonal
Communication:
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One-to-one: talking face-to-face, or
telephone or interview
Group: involves three or more people with a
common purpose
Public: one or more people communicate with
an audience, such as public speakers,
teachers, politicians, and preachers
Mass: one or more people communicate with
a large audience that are NOT usually present,
such as newspapers, radio, TV, etc.
Chapter One:
“How Communication Affects Your Life”
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Eight Skills to be an Effective
Communicator:
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1. sincerity: believe in what you say
2. knowledge: know about the subject
3. organization: message with purpose and direction
4. listening: know when and how to listen to your
audience
5. confidence: be confident in yourself
6. language: use effective and appropriate choice of
words to relay your message
7. nonverbal: use body movements, eye contact,
clothes, grooming, etc.
8. goal setting: reach your goals that you set
Chapter One:
“How Communication Affects Your Life”
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Benefits of Speech Communication:
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1. learn: teachers teach and students learn
2. decision-making: personal decisions are made by
speaking and discussion
3. pleasure: good conversation and interaction with
others makes people happy and healthy
4. future: learning is throughout your life, and adults
in business, industry, etc. all use communication
5. careers: auctioneers, clergy, teachers, hotel/motel
management, business, sales, etc are careers with
dominant speech communication.
Chapter One:
“How Communication Affects Your Life”
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Why study speech?
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1. Practice the eight skills to improve
2. Identify your strengths and weaknesses in
speaking so you know what to work on and
what does work for you
3. Listen and acquire positive attributes of
speaking!
Chapter Two:
“The Process of Communication”
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There are 11 parts to the Communication Process:
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1. sender: the person who wants to communicate an idea
2. idea: the beginning of a message
3. encoding: put idea into symbols (words)
4. message: the idea encoded and ready to be sent
5. verbal: how the message is sent by sender
6. nonverbal: (same as above)
7. receiver: the person who receives the message
8. message: the same as the above that is received
9. decoding: the message is translated or understood
10. idea: idea has been created to be sent
11. feedback: a reaction to the message from receiver or
sender
The communication process does NOT exist if you do
NOT have feedback!!
Chapter Two:
“The Process of Communication”
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Two functions of memory:
 1. store (memory like a computer)
 2. recall
 Difference between computer and human is computer info
is intentionally put there and in human it is subconscious.
The computer can recall anything, but the human suffers
“memory loss”
 Humans can think and reason, and computers and animals
cannot.
 How humans obtain, store, reject, recall and combine ideas
is intrapersonal communication and is a subconscious
talking to yourself!
 Humans are social creatures and need to communicate,
and the need levels vary greatly in people
 People communicate due to common interests and
familiar topics
Chapter Two:
“The Process of Communication”
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Symbols: words or pictures that stand for
something
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1. code: a symbol system
2. encode: use symbols (words) to put together to
understand
3. decode: translate the symbols
4. symbol: can be words, gestures, eye contact, dress
code, grooming, etc.
Language symbols:
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1. denotation: basic dictionary meaning
2. connotation: meaning people attach to words that
are not in dictionary
Chapter Two:
“The Process of Communication”
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Three Nonverbal Symbols of Study:
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1. kinesics: study of body motions such as tapping of
feet, rolling eyes, gestures, crossing of arms and feet,
laughing, etc.
2. proxemics: use of space to communicate
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comfort: 0-18 inches
business: 18 inches – 4 feet
Impersonal authority: 4 feet – 12 feet
public speaking: 12 feet – 25 feet
3. paralanguage: How you say words
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volume: loud or soft
pitch: high or low a sound
rate: fast or slow
quality: raspy, whispery, or clear voice
stress: emphasis on what word is stressed
Chapter Two:
“The Process of Communication”
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Unintentional communication: some people send messages that they
don’t mean to or don’t realize…cultural differences can cause problems
with unintentional communication.
Feedback: how a message is received is very important, and it can be
verbal, nonverbal, or both.
The Complete Communication Process: