Transcript The Female Reproductive System

Chapter 3
Healthy
Relationships
Lesson 1
Communication Skills
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DO NOW
Directions: Write these words down:
1. What_____________________?
2. When_____________________?
3. Where_____________________?
4. Why______________________?
• Create the question related to previous information learned in
previous classes.
• Ask the question.
• Write down the other student’s answer.
• Answer his question.
• Find another student
Essential Question:
Why is family important?
Enduring Understanding:
Students will understand that family values and responsibility
shape their lives.
 communication The sharing of thoughts and feelings between
two or more people
 body language Facial expressions, eye contact, gestures,
and posture
In this lesson, you will learn to
 explain different ways people communicate.
 describe how you can be a better speaker and listener.
 identify the three styles of communication.
 develop skills to communicate safely online.
Organizing Information
Headings in this Lesson:
Write the major and minor
• What is Communication?
headings from this lesson
• Different Ways to Communicate
onto a sheet of paper. Write
• Using Good Communication Skills
a sentence that summarizes
the ideas of each heading.
• Communication Styles
What Is Communication?
Successful communication is at the root of healthy
relationships.
communication The sharing of thoughts and feelings
between two or more people
relationship A connection you have with another
person or group
What Is Communication?
Person
Messages
Person
When you communicate, you send or receive messages. Both the sender of the
message and the receiver should have good communication skills.
Different Ways to Communicate
The main way people communicate is
through language.
Another way to communicate is through
body language.
body language Facial expressions, eye contact,
gestures, and posture
Different Ways to Communicate
Different ways to communicate include:
Face-to-face
Written messages
Telephone
E-mail
Text messaging
Sign language
Different Ways to Communicate
There are advantages and disadvantages to
different kinds of communication.
When talking on the telephone or sending e-mail,
visual clues such as facial expressions are absent.
Using Good Communication Skills
Outbound (“Sending”)
Inbound (“Receiving”)
 Think, then speak
 Listen actively
 Use “I” messages
 Ask questions
 Make clear, simple statements
 Mirror thoughts and feelings
 Be honest with your thoughts
and feelings
 Use appropriate body language
 Use appropriate body language
 Wait your turn
Communication Styles
An aggressive communicator might say
something rude.
A shy (passive) communicator may say
nothing at all.
An assertive communicator isn’t shy or
aggressive about expressing him or herself.
Safety Online
Make sure that a parent or guardian gives you
permission to communicate with others online.
Never give out information about yourself or your family.
Stay out of unsupervised chat rooms.
Never agree to meet anyone in person.
If an online conversation makes you feel uncomfortable,
exit and tell a parent or other adult.
Chapter 3
Healthy
Relationships
Lesson 2
Your Family
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A. Provide at least 2 safe advises for someone who is underage
and likes to navigate online (facebook, twitter, chat rooms,
and so on).
B. Draw a picture that represents one way to effectively
communicate with someone.
 nurture
To fulfill physical, mental/emotional, and
social needs
In this lesson, you will learn to
 recognize different types of family units.
 identify your role within your family.
 explain how family members care for each other.
 develop effective communication skills for family meetings.
Organizing Information
Make two lists. One list
should contain types of
family units. The other
should list roles people play
within a family.
Types of
Family Units
Roles People
Play
Family Relationships
A family includes two or more
people brought together by
blood, marriage, adoption, or a
desire for mutual support.
family The basic unit of society
Family types include:
Couple
Nuclear family: Two parents and
one or more children
Foster family
Extended family: A nuclear
Adoptive family
family plus other relatives such as
grandparents
Joint-custody family
Single-parent family: One
parent and one or more children
Single-parent family
Blended family: Two people, one
or both with children from previous
marriages
Single-custody family
Roles and Responsibilities in the Family
Parents are responsible for making sure the basic
needs of the family are met and encouraging good
communication and health.
Children are responsible for some household chores
and showing appreciation.
Building Strong Families
The main job of any family is to nurture the needs of
its members.
nurture To fulfill physical, mental/emotional,
and social needs
Teaching Character
One of the biggest responsibilities parents have is to
help their children develop good character. They do this
through their words and actions.
Coping with Family Changes
Two difficult changes in the family are separation
and divorce.
Children are never the cause of separations or
divorce.
Coping with Family Changes
Among the hardest changes to cope with is the
death of a family member.
Expressing your feelings is an effective
communication strategy for managing grief caused
by disappointment, separation, or loss.
Serious Family Problems
Abuse is a serious problem that can have longlasting effects on all family members.
abuse A pattern of mistreatment
of another person
Serious Family Problems
Types of abuse include:
Physical abuse
Sexual abuse
Neglect
physical abuse The use of physical force
sexual abuse Any mistreatment of a child or
adult involving sexual activity
neglect The failure of parents to provide their children
with basic physical and emotional care and
protection
Help for Troubled Families
Seek help by speaking with an adult you can trust
such as a teacher or school counselor.
Social workers are professionals trained to help
families with problems.
Help for Troubled Families
Crisis
Intervention
Hotlines
Social
Workers
Religious
Leaders
Crises
Centers
Sources of
Help
School
Counselors
Doctors
Chapter 8
Growth and
Development
Lesson 1
Adolescence: A Time
of Change
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 Write down 3 things that you learned with
the videos class.
Essential Question:
How does puberty affect the human body?
Enduring Understanding: students will understand that
physical and emotional changes occur during puberty and are a
normal part of growing up.
 endocrine system
A body system containing glands that
regulate growth and other activities
 puberty
The time when you start developing the
physical characteristics of adults of your gender
In this lesson, you will learn to
 describe three kinds of changes you go through during the
teen years.
 identify the structure and function of the endocrine system.
 analyze how a teen is influenced by peers.
Organizing Information
Divide a sheet of paper into three columns. Name each
column for one of the sides of the health triangle. Write two
changes that occur on each side.
Changes During Adolescence
Differences in how younger or
older teens may look are caused
by adolescence.
adolescence The period between
childhood and adulthood
Mood swings are a normal part of adolescence.
Changes During Adolescence
Hormones are produced in the endocrine system.
endocrine system A body system containing glands that
regulate growth and other important activities
Changes During Adolescence
These glands make up the endocrine system:
Pituitary
GROWTH
Thyroid
FOOD into
Energy
Adrenal
ADRENALINE
Pancreas
INSULIN
Ovaries /
Testes
SEXUAL
DEVEP.
Physical Changes
Physical changes that occur during puberty include
the growth of body hair and increased sweating, or
perspiration.
puberty The time when you start developing the physical
characteristics of adults of your gender
Mental/Emotional Changes
Changes in hormones can affect your feelings as
well as your thoughts.
You may experience mood swings.
Social Changes
Adolescence brings more responsibility.
As your friends become more important, choose
friends that will support you and influence you in a
positive way.
Lesson 1 Review
What I Learned
Vocabulary Define endocrine system.
Lesson 1 Review
What I Learned
Recall Name two physical changes that occur during
puberty.
Lesson 1 Review
What I Learned
Identify What are some social changes that occur
during adolescence?
Lesson 1 Review
Thinking Critically
Apply Richard feels funny about his voice changing.
What advice might you give him to make him feel less
awkward?
Lesson 1 Review
Thinking Critically
Evaluate How do you think the changes you
experience during puberty help you prepare
for adulthood?
Chapter 8
Growth and
Development
Lesson 2
Human Reproduction
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 reproductive system The body system that makes it possible
to create offspring
 menstruation
Blood, tissue, and the unfertilized egg
flow out of the body
 sperm
The male reproductive cell
In this lesson, you will learn to
 identify the parts and functions of the male and female
reproductive systems.
 explain how to care for the reproductive system.
Human Reproduction
The male reproductive system is different
than the female reproductive system.
reproductive system The body system that makes it
possible to create offspring
The Female Reproductive System
The two main functions of the female
reproductive system are:
Storing egg cells
To reproduce
egg cell The female reproductive cell
The Female Reproductive System
The process of reproduction begins when the egg
cell joins with a male reproductive cell.
The ovaries are the two female reproductive glands
that store the egg cells.
The Female Reproductive System
After fertilization, an egg will travel to the uterus,
the organ in which the baby will develop.
fertilization The joining of a female egg with a male
reproductive cell
The Female Reproductive System
Menstruation is often referred to as a “period.”
menstruation Blood, tissue, and the unfertilized eggs
flow out of the body
The Male Reproductive System
Sperm cells are made inside the testes.
sperm The male reproductive cells
The testes begin making sperm cells during
puberty.
Lesson 2 Review
What I Learned
Recall Name two functions of the female reproductive
system.
Lesson 2 Review
What I Learned
Vocabulary Define fertilization.
Lesson 2 Review
What I Learned
Identify Where in the male reproductive system are
the sperm made?
Lesson 2 Review
Thinking Critically
Compare How are the female and male reproductive
systems similar? How are they different?
Lesson 2 Review
Thinking Critically
Analyze When playing baseball, what special
precautions should James take to protect his reproductive
system? Give details to explain your answer.
Chapter 8
Growth and
Development
Lesson 3
Heredity and the
Life Cycle
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 chromosomes
Tiny strands of matter that carry the codes for
inherited traits
 genes
The basic units of heredity
 fetus
What the developing unborn baby is known as
from the eighth week until birth
 prenatal care
Special care to ensure that an expecting
mother and the baby remain healthy
In this lesson, you will learn to
 explain how inherited traits are passed along.
 identify changes to the developing baby.
 recognize stages in the life-cycle.
Analyzing a Graphic
Using this diagram as a
The Developing
Baby
After 3 months
guide, describe the stages
of development before birth.
After 6 months
After 9 months
Heredity
Heredity is the process by which
parents pass certain traits to
their children.
Hair color and body build are
examples of inherited traits.
Heredity
Traits are passed along by chromosomes.
chromosomes Tiny strands of matter that carry the
codes for inherited traits
Chromosomes are made up of genes.
genes The basic units of heredity
Chromosomes and Fertilization
Among each sperm’s 23 chromosomes, one alone
determines the gender of the fertilized egg cell.
An egg caries only an X chromosome. Sperm
carry either an X or Y chromosome.
If a sperm carries an X chromosome, a female will
result. If a sperm carries a Y chromosome, a male
will result.
Development Before Birth
The newly
fertilized
egg travels down
the fallopian tube
to the uterus.
The egg attaches
itself to the wall
of the uterus.
The egg begins
to divided
millions of times.
The tissues,
organs, and body
systems are
eventually
formed.
The Developing Baby
Time
Size
Features
Development
fertilization
microscopic
arms, legs, fingers,
toes, eyes, ears
heart is beating; nervous
system is forming; cannot
survive outside uterus
6 months
after
fertilization
about 14 inches
long; weighs
about 2 pounds
hair, eyebrows,
fingernails, toenails
can move and kick; sucks
thumb; can hear sounds;
might survive outside uterus
9 months
after
fertilization
18–20 inches
long; weighs 7–9
pounds
smooth skin, fully
developed organs
eyes open and close; fingers
can grasp; body organs and
systems can now work on
their own; ready for birth
The Developing Baby
In the uterus, the fetus receives oxygen and
nutrients through a tube called the umbilical cord.
fetus What the developing unborn baby is
known as from the eighth week until birth
The Developing Baby
Throughout pregnancy, an expectant mother needs
prenatal care.
prenatal care Special care to ensure that the expectant
mother and the baby remain healthy
Prenatal care includes eating healthy foods, getting
enough rest, and seeing the doctor regularly.
The Life Cycle
The life cycle is divided into six major stages.
Infancy
Childhood
Adolescence
Early
Adulthood
Middle
Adulthood
Late
Adulthood
Age 1
Ages
1–11
Ages
12–18
Ages
19–30
Ages
30–60
Ages
60+
Behaving Responsibly
With independence comes added responsibility.
There are lots of ways you can show you are responsible
and ready for more independence. For example, you
could offer to help with extra chores at home.
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Vocabulary Define chromosomes.
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Recall How many chromosomes are there in most cells
of the human body? What is the one exception?
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Identify Name two developments that may take place
during early adulthood.
Lesson 3 Review
Thinking Critically
Explain What determines whether a baby will be
male or female?
Lesson 3 Review
Thinking Critically
Apply Yvonne hopes to become a lawyer when she
reaches adulthood. What skills can she develop now
during her teens to help her achieve her career goals?