Transcript 2014 CV Application Exercise bx

630 Cardio Respiratory Course
November 21, 2014
Application Exercise
Wayne Miller, Ph.D.
Brian N. Griffith, Ph.D.
Medical Nutrition Jeopardy
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Dr. G
Dr. Who
Dr. Billy
Bob
Final
Jeopardy
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Final
Jeopardy
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Lipids
200 Points
Answer
The mechanism by which a patient with chronic alcohol
abuse presents with fatty liver is best explained by:
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2.
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5.
A decrease in hepatic VLDL synthesis
A decrease in hepatic Chylomicron absorption
An increase in hepatic HDL absorption
An increase in hepatic VLDL transport
A decrease in hepatic IDL synthesis
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Lipids
400 Points
Answer
Which of the following diets is most likely to increase
a persons risk of atherosclerosis?
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1. A diet high in fiber
2. A diet high in folic acid
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3. A diet high in saturated fatty acids
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4. A diet high in vitamin C
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5. A diet high in proteins
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Lipids
600 Points
Answer
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of
Chylomicrons to Chylomicrons reminants?
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Apoprotein lipase
Phospholipase
Apolipoprotein E
Lipoprotein lipase
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Lipids
800 Points
Answer
Lifestyle changes can reduce LDL
concentrations by
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2. 20-40%
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3. 40-60%
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4. 60-80%
5. 80-100%
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Lipids
1000 Points
Answer
A 54-year-old man is attempting to lower his LDL
levels by reducing his dietary cholesterol from over 500
mg/day to 200 mg/day. Describe the mechanism for
how this works?
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1. The LDL receptor remains constant and there
is no effect on his LDL concentration
2. Hepatic LDL receptor increases which
decrease LDL concentration
3. LDL receptor decreases throughout the body
which decrease LDL
4. LDL receptor in fat tissue and arteries
decreases with no change in LDL
5. LDL receptor in arteries increases which
decrease LDL
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Obesity
200 Points
Answer
A man with a BMI of 28.5 is classified in which
category?
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Overweight
Obese
Underweight
Normal weight
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Obesity
400 Points
Answer
Which best describes the reasons people
regain body weight after a period of weight
loss?
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1. They gradually increase their caloric intake
and they consume increasing amounts of
high-fructose corn syrup
2. They return to their old eating behaviors
and they stop exercising
3. They stop dieting, because weight-loss diets
are too restrictive and they cannot afford
diet foods
4. They eat too many animal products and
they eat too much fat
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Obesity
Daily Double
Answer
What percentage of your current points would
you like to wager on the next question?
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One of the greatest factors contributing to obesity in
America is…
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1. The high cost of healthy foods
2. Not having access to exercise facilities
3. The increase in portion sizes for the
foods we commonly eat
4. Not enough time to exercise
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Obesity
800 Points
Answer
Which statement is FALSE with regard to very-lowcalorie diets and metabolism?
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1. Metabolism is directly related to lean body
mass
2. Very-low-calorie diets reduce resting
metabolic rate, but only in direct
proportion to the amount of lean tissue
lost
3. Very-low-calorie diets reduce resting
metabolic rate in as little as a few days
4. Very-low-calorie diets do not provide
adequate nutrition
5. Very-low-calorie diets reduce lean tissue
weight as well as fat weight
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Obesity
1000 Points
Answer
Which of the following philosophies or clinical
practices is part of evidence-based medicine?
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1. Pre-mature mortality is more directly related to
fitness level than obesity or body weight
2. Overweight and obese people can improve their
health status without losing weight
3. Obese people respond to exercise training in similar
ways as normal weight people
4. All of the above
5. None of the above
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Nutrition 101
200 Points
Answer
Which are the two overreaching goals of
the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?
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1. Maintain calorie balance over time to achieve or
maintain a healthy weight, and focus on consuming
nutrient-dense foods and beverages
2. Eat healthy and exercise regularly
3. Read food labels and eat less processed foods
4. Achieve or maintain a healthy weight by consuming
less calories, and perform 30 minutes a day of
moderate-intensity aerobic exercise
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Nutrition 101
400 Points
Answer
Which of the following would be considered a health claim
if it were written on a food package?
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May improve your circulation
Cholesterol-Free
Reduces your risk for heart disease
Increases exercise capacity
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Nutrition 101
600 Points
Answer
Which of the following is NOT part of the
ChooseMyPlate program?
0% 1. Make half your plate fruits and vegetables
2. Choose nutrient-dense proteins and low-fat animal
products
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3. Aim for MyPlate dietary balance and food group
variety
0% 4. Consume products that are labeled “natural” rather
than processed
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Nutrition 101
800 Points
Answer
Which best describes complimentary proteins?
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1. When any two incomplete protein foods are combined
to make a protein food that has all the essential amino
acids in the same proportions as found in the body
2. When foods from two different food groups in the
MyPlate visual are combined to make a protein food
that has all the essential amino acids
3. When a vegetable protein is combined with an animal
protein to form a protein food that has all the
essential amino acids
4. When a vegetarian combines plant proteins to get a
complete set of essential vitamins and minerals
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Nutrition 101
1000 Points
Answer
What is the RDA value for calcium in a 28-year-old
male?
1. 1100 mg/day
0% 2. 1000 mg/day
3. 1500 mg/day
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4. 2000 mg/day
5. 1800 mg/day
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Exercise
200 Points
Answer
In order for an exercise to be aerobic in nature, the
exercise should be a type that…
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1. elevates heart rate, regardless of the
exercise intensity or the movement
performed
2. is continuous, rhythmic, and uses the
large muscle groups
3. is performed at least 5 days per week
4. holds the stretch for at least 30 seconds
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Exercise
400 Points
Answer
Which are the exercise recommendations for American Adults, ages 1864?
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1. 60 minutes of aerobic exercise a day, and 90
minutes of aerobic exercise a day if you are obese
2. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise a day and 30
minutes of strength training exercises three times
a week
3. 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity each
week or 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity
each week, plus strength training twice a week
4. 150 minutes a week of exercise that includes any
combination of aerobic exercise, strength training
and flexibility exercises
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Exercise
600 Points
Answer
Which are the exercise guidelines for American children?
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1. 60 minutes of physical activity a day, vigorous activity
3 times a week, muscle and bone strengthening
exercises 3 times a week
2. 60 minutes of vigorous physical activity a day, with 3
days a week of muscle and bone strengthening
exercises
3. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise a day, with 30 minutes
of active play each day
4. 30 minutes of physical activity a day, but no strength
training exercises, because strength training is unsafe
for children
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Exercise
800 Points
Answer
What is the reason Power/Strength exercises only last
20-30 seconds before fatigue?
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1. Muscle glycogen depletion
2. Depletion of muscle ATP and PC (Phosphocreatine)
stores
3. Dehydration
4. Lactic Acid buildup in the exercising muscles
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Exercise
1000 Points
Answer
There are greater improvements in aerobic capacity with vigorousintensity exercise training compared to moderate-intensity exercise
training, when volume is held constant. The application to take
advantage of this fact is the following…
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1. As fitness improves, increase the duration of the
exercise sessions for the maximal aerobic training
effect
2. 30-second bursts of exercise are more effective at
increasing aerobic capacity than long continuous
exercise sessions
3. As fitness improves, increase the intensity of the
exercise sessions for the maximal aerobic training
effect
4. Mix Power/Strength training exercises with aerobic
training for the greatest boost in aerobic capacity
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Life Style Modification
200 Points
Answer
The question, “Why today?” evaluates what within a
patient?
0% 1. Laziness
2. Lifestyle Change
0% 3. Motivation, commitment, and environmental
changes
0% 4. Perceived risk for emotional pain
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Life-Style Modification.
400 Points
Answer
It is important to explore emotional links to behavior,
because…
0% 1. Emotional relationships with friends and family support
behavior change
0% 2. Our behaviors define our emotions
0% 3. We cannot be physically healthy without being
emotionally healthy
0% 4. Our emotions drive our behaviors
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Life-Style Modification.
600 Points
Answer
Replacing the habit of eating Doritos chips when
frustrated at work with eating something soothing, like
oatmeal, will not help establish a healthier eating
pattern, because…
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1. oatmeal is not salty like Doritos chips – replace
Doritos with pretzels
2. eating oatmeal does not meet the need to relieve
frustration
3. oatmeal is a breakfast food and Doritos chips are a
snack food – you need to come up with a healthy
snack food to replace the Doritos chips
4. oatmeal takes time to cook – you need to come up
with a “grab-it-fast” replacement food for the
Doritos chips
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Life-Style Modification
Daily Double
Answer
What percentage of your current points would
you like to wager on the next question?
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5.
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Which of the following would not be appropriate to say to your patient
who continues to promise he will exercise, and then never exercises.
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4.
I know we all struggle with exercise, because of time.
However, I have faith that you can find some combination of
vigorous and moderate activity to get between 75 and 150
minutes of exercise a week
I know we all struggle with exercise, because of time.
Regardless of what the guidelines say, what will you do this
week to get in some physical activity?
I know we all struggle with exercise, because of time.
Regardless of the time factor, how do you feel about exercise
as a whole?
So you say exercise during the week is absolutely impossible
for you. Did you know that people who exercise just on the
weekends oftentimes get the same benefits as people who
exercise throughout the week?
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Life-Style Modification
1000 Points
What is the most common exercise-related
complication?
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Physical exhaustion
Heat disorders
Heart attack
Musculoskeletal injury
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SCORES
WAGER
Final
Jeopar
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Questio
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Participant Scores
Points
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What percentage of your current points would you
like to wager on the next question?
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3.
4.
5.
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100%
A 48-year-old obese woman comes to you for help in reducing her
circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Why is it important
to include exercise with a diet that reduces total fat, trans fats, and
saturated fats in her treatment plan?
1.
Because exercise creates an energy demand, which reduces fatty acid uptake by
the liver, reducing very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) production and
subsequent conversion of VLDL to LDL.
2.
Because exercise has a greater effect on lowering LDL than diet
3.
Because exercise has an insulin-lowering effect, which keeps fatty acids from
entering the adipose cells to be stored as body fat.
4.
Because exercise stimulates glucagon secretion, which causes adipose cells to
release more fatty acids into the circulation. The liver removes these fatty acids
from the circulation, which ultimately lowers LDL.
5.
Because exercise causes an increase in high-density lipoproteins (HDL), which
facilitates reverse cholesterol transport, resulting in lower LDL levels.
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Congratulations