Transcript UNION COLLEGE WEATHER STATION

UNION COLLEGE
WEATHER STATION
Brian Kruppenbacker
Jeffrey D’Alessandro
Advisor: Professor Traver
Goals
• Design and implement a weather station for the
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Union College campus community
Record
Temperature
Barometric pressure
UV index
Wind direction
Relative humidity
Precipitation
Wind speed
• Calculate
Wind chill & Dew point
• Display current and archived measurement data
at weather.union.edu
Performance Criteria
• Measurements must have accuracy within 5%
• The measurements must represent the current
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•
weather conditions
The computer must store the measurement data
for future reference
The system must be able to run for a long
period of time (years)
The station must be low maintenance
Any malfunctions must be easy to fix
Behavior
• Sensor station located on roof of F.W.
Olin building will record measurements
Sensor
Station
• Sensor station sends data to a computer
• Computer will perform the additional
calculations needed
• Computer will store all measurements
• Computer will generate webpage to
display most recent measurements
• Webpage will allow users to view
archived measurement data
Hard
Drive
Our Design
Sensor Station
Structure
Communication
Server
Types of Sensors
ANALOG
DIGITAL
Based on voltage
Based on number of pulses
Temperature
Relative Humidity
Barometric Pressure
Ultra-Violet
Wind Direction
Precipitation
Wind Speed
Sensors: Analog
• 8051 Microcontroller Analog to Digital Converter
• All sensor outputs were adjusted to fit between
the range of 0 and 2.5 volts through the use of
voltage dividers
• The voltage division is then taken into account
when the measurements are calculated
Sensors: Digital
• 8051 Microcontroller Programmable Counter
Array
• Signal bounce is handled using both software
and hardware approaches
• Measurements are calculated based on the
number of pulses and the number of pulses
within a time frame
• Pulses are counted using interrupts
Sensor Station: Microcontroller
Start
Setup Precepitation and Wind Speed
(Interrupts)
_____
ENQ
Get Temperature
Get Relative Humidity
Get Barometric Pressure
Get UV
Get Wind Direction
Check for ENQ
ENQ
Turn off Interrupts
Send Data
If sent correctly, reset Precip and Wind Speed Counters
Turn Interrupts back on
Structure
• Location:
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F.W. Olin Building
Power:
120 volts from building
Safety:
Grounded (lightning)
Circuit Breakers
Communication
• The server will poll the microcontroller for
new data every 60 seconds
• A communication protocol was created
• Serial Communication via Ethernet using
Quatech Serial Device Server
Communication: Serial Device Server
• Encapsulates serial data coming from the
microcontroller and sends it over Ethernet
• Device software on server receives data
and creates a virtual serial port
• Server uses virtual serial port as if it were
an actual serial port
Communication: Protocols
Start
Emit ENQ
SYN
DATA
TIMEOUT
Done
DATA
TIMEOUT
Checksum
Emit ACK
Checksum
Good
Checksum
Bad Checksum
Server-side Protocol
Emit NAK
SYN
TIMEOUT
Server
• Polls the microcontroller for data
• Calculates
– Wind Chill and Dew Point
– Averages, Highs, Lows, and Totals
• Store measurement data
• Generate webpage
– Current Weather Conditions
– Archived Weather Measurement Data
Server: Data Flow Diagram
Calculations
Data Acquisition
Current Weather
Measurements
File/Database
Web Page Generator
Archived
Weather
Measurements
File/Database
Archived Measurements Manager
Server: Website
• PHP is used to read
the current weather
measurement data
from a file and display
the conditions
• Archived data can be
viewed by selecting
the month, day,
and/or year
Results
http://weather.union.edu
• All of the sensors have accuracy within 5%
• All measurements accurately depict the
current weather conditions of the area
• The sensors purchased are low maintenance
• Station repairs will be simple and explained
in a manual
Conclusion
What we learned:
• System design and implementation
• How to handle signal bouncing using both
software and hardware approaches
• Serial Communication
• PHP and HTML
• Teamwork and time management skills
Future Work
• Add additional sensors to the station
• Implement a database to store the current and archived
measurement data
• Implement a data management program to compress
and perform calculations on archived data
• Adjust website to obtain the data from the database
• Build station structure and mount on top of F.W. Olin
building
Thank You
• Professor Traver
• Professor Hedrick
• Professor Spallholtz
• Professor Almstead
Questions