Transcript Density Controlled traffic lights

SAYYAM GADHOK
BE- 3rd Year,UE105091
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 Day by day increasing population increases traffic
and vehicles also which causes problems in
transportation and management of traffic.
 Mainly traffic controls at the crossings required
smart traffic signaling system which has high degree
of flexibility according to the flow of traffic in
auxiliary roads, on the crossing some roads have a
high density of traffic required rapid release of
traffic to maintain the smooth flow of traffic on busy
roads.
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 In this project we develop a system which senses
the traffic density on a particular road and change
the Green signal duration accordingly. Here we use
IR/Ultrasonic sensors fitted along the road side to
detect the presence of vehicles and change the signal
according to the traffic density.
This is a simple and effective solution for traffic
busy crossing to control automatically the flow of
traffic without disturbing the auxiliary roads.
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 Microcontroller based traffic control system is an
application specific project, which is used to control
the traffic. An embedded system is developed which
consists of a microcontroller (PIC 16F877A), IR
sensors, LCD screen, transformer power supply
(+5V) and LEDs.
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Compact system
Traffic density based control
Efficient traffic management
Time duration determined by array of
sensors
Fully automatic
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 Used in heavy traffic areas
 Traffic saturation points and crossings
Scope for advancement:
Using high quality sensors and close circuit cameras to
collect the density data for better management of traffic.
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Easy to install
Sensors are not affected by other RF or
radiations
Low power consumption
Change time duration in steps
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Microcontroller based traffic control system is an
application specific project, which is used to control the
traffic. An embedded system is developed which consists
of a microcontroller, IR transmitter and receiver, LED’s
This project is implemented by placing IR
transmitters, receivers and led’s at the 4 way junction
represented as
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As the Sensor is interfaced with the
Microcontroller, by changing the duration of the
Green Light the density of traffic is being
controlled.
The program is based on a logic that if:
Sensor is not obstructed: Green light is on for
15 seconds.
Sensor is obstructed: Green light duration
increases to 30 seconds.(DENSER LANE)
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If we consider a Single Lane , we’ll be
placing 3 sensors in proximity of around 10-15
meters as approximately 50-55 meters of a
lane is occupied with the traffic.
Designation of time duration:
If all the 3 sensors are active: i.e all
obstructed by the vehicles then the lane is
immensely dense. So duration of green light can
be increased to 45 seconds.
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 If only first 2 sensors are active : lane is
slightly dense , so duration can be 25 seconds.
If only the first sensor is active: Lane operates
normally.
Similarly , it can be implemented for all the 4
lanes.
Note: The system goes Ambiguous if the
lanes are comparitively dense.
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 But still there exists a
for it, i.e we can increase the number of sensors
being used to increase the Accuracy of the
System.
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 The implementation of the project is not at all
heavy on government’s pocket as:
a) PIC16F877A kits are readily available in
Indian markets & cost approx. INR500
b) 7 Segment displays & LEDs are already
installed on the lights.
c) Sensors : Approx range of sensor required is
around 6 meters (width wise) which is
satisfied by UltraSonic Sensors , costing
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c) around 7.5$ ( < INR 400) each.
d) Engineering Students skilled with embedded
C can work along with the professionals for
Program Development.
Total Cost incurred on a 4 lane traffic light:
1 x INR 500
+ 12 x (< INR 400)
(12 sensors, 3 for each lane)
< Rs. 5300
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 PIC
16F877A
Peripheral Interface
Controller
 8 bit
 Harvard Architecture
 RISC based (app 35
instructions)
 5 ports:
• PORT B ,C, D : 8 pins
each
• PORT A: 6 pins ; PORT
E :3 pins
 XTAL:8Mhz
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ULTRASONIC SENSOR/IR
SENSOR
TRANSRECEIVER
REGULAT
ED
POWER
SUPPLY
LEDs
PIC
MICROCON
TROLLER
16F877A
LCD / 7
SEGMENT
DISPLAY
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The block diagram consists of microcontroller
interfaced to regulated power supply, led and IR
receiver and IR transmitter which consist of an IR
sensor.
The IR sensors and led’s are connected to any of
the port pins of microcontroller, regulated power
supply is connected to the VCC pin of
microcontroller which uses an voltage regulator
to get 5V of power supply.
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This embedded system is placed at the 4
way junction which controls the traffic
electronically. The system uses a compact
circuitry build around flash version of PIC
16F877A Microcontroller with a nonvolatile memory
Programs will be developed in
EMBEDDED C language. ICPROG is used
for burning programs.
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The programming is done with help of software
named “mikroC” & the program is burned into the
controller with the help of “ICProg”.
The Flow Chart goes as follows:
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THANK
YOU
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