Transcript The Ming and The Mughals

China:
From the Yuan Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty
• Read your paragraphs
• Underline the main ideas
• Create a brief skit that will demonstrate the
important points to the rest of the class
• You have 15 minutes-go!
The Influence of the
Mongols in Asia:
Ming Dynasty China
and
The Mughal Empire
Yuan Dynasty Rule in China
• Origins: The Yuan rulers were Mongols; they were the first
foreigners to rule China and were lead by Kublai Khan
• Accomplishments:
– Created an extensive transportation and communication system, including
postal service
– Kept power away from the Chinese by creating a hierarchy that valued
foreigners and passing restrictive laws
– Hosted Marco Polo on his travels through Asia
• Fall: Chinese resentment grew as the Yuan rulers worsened; a
Chinese rebellion ended Mongol rule in 1368
The Ming
• Origins: Overthrew the Mongol dynasty in 1368
– Established a new “Mandate of Heaven”
• The idea that bad rulers lost heaven’s favor and were replaced
• An Era of Greatness: Major Accomplishments
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Grand Canal connecting North and South is built
Food production is increased
Nationwide school system established
Great Wall is strengthened
Capital is moved to Beijing and the Forbidden City is built
Voyages of exploration take place
Voyages of Zheng He
• Zheng He (Jung Huh)
– Muslim admiral in Chinese court
– Led seven exploratory missions in early 1400s
– Visited Southeast Asia, India, and east coast of Africa
– Voyages stopped amid fears that such trading was not needed
and beliefs that China was superior to everyone else
The Fall of the Ming: 1644
• The quality of the emperors declined over time
– All power was concentrated with the emperor, so if he was
bad, then that influenced everything else
• Rebellions broke out due to over-taxation
– The emperor used the money to live in luxury and supply the
army, who was fighting…
• Aggressive neighbors: The Manchu
– This group was from the North and would eventually win the
war with the Ming
– They ruled China until the 1900s
The Mughals: Origins
• Muslim descendents of the
Mongols
– Brought Islam to India
• The Mughal (or Moghul)
Empire spread from
Southwest Asia into India
• At its height it covered
almost the entire Indian
sub-continent
The Mughals
We should already know:
• They conquered others
using superior military
technology
• Sometimes they
tolerated the Hindu
population, sometimes
they persecuted them
• They were great traders
Famous Rulers
• Akbar
– Established religious tolerance
– Married Hindu princesses
– Ruled during a time of great stability and trade
• Shah Jahan
– Expanded Mughal territory
– Built the Taj Mahal
The Taj Mahal
• Created as a tomb
for Shah Jahan’s
wife Mumtaz
Mahal
Fall of the Mughals
• By the 1700s, Hindu groups had started rebelling
• Also, the Europeans (especially the British) had
started seeking influence, land, and goods
• By 1757, the British controlled much of the
former Mughal Empire
Pair work
• Choose a partner to work with
• Write an acrostic poem about one of the empires
we learned more about today, Ming China or the
Mughals
• Add an illustration