Transcript The Millionaire Project

IMPERIALISM
AMERICA’S NEW ROLE
After
the Spanish-American War the debate intensified on
whether the U.S. should build and empire as three
presidents took different approaches to imperialism
PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES
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George Washington; Federalist (1788)
John Adams; Federalist (1796)
Thomas Jefferson (1800)
James Madison (1808)
James Monroe (1816)
John Quincy Adams (1824)
Andrew Jackson; Democrat (1828)
Martin Van Buren; Democrat (1836)
William Henry Harrison; Whig (1840)
John Tyler; Whig (1841)
James K. Polk; Democrat (1844)
Zachary Taylor; Whig (1848)
Millard Fillmore; Whig (1850)
Franklin Pierce; Democrat (1852)
James Buchanan; Democrat (1856)
Abraham Lincoln; Republican (1860)
Andrew Johnson; Democrat (1865)
Ulysses S. Grant; Republican (1868)
Rutherford B. Hayes; Republican (1876)
James Garfield; Republican (1880)
#21 - …
Chester A. Arthur; Republican (1881)
Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1884)
Benjamin Harrison; Republican (1888)
Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1892)
William McKinley; Republican (1896)
#26 - Theodore Roosevelt; Republican (1901)
#27 - William Howard Taft; Republican (1909)
#28 - Woodrow Wilson; Democrat (1913)
OBJECTIVES
 CORE OBJECTIVE: Explain the causes and effects of
imperialism.
Objective 3.3: What were the goals of Roosevelt’s “Big Stick”
diplomacy?
Objective 3.4: What were the main arguments raised by the antiimperialists?
THEME: America will look to expand its borders and
influence
CHAPTER 17
SECTION 3
Under
imperialism, stronger nations
attempt to create empires by dominating
weaker nations.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hYeFcSq7
Mxg
Opening Question:
Why did President Woodrow
Wilson’s actions in Mexico
anger many Latin Americans?
Wilson’s moral stance during his intervention in
Mexican affairs (against Pancho Villa General
Huerta) angered Mexicans when the U.S.
supported unpopular governments.
Americans needed a shorter route
between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
o A French company had bought a 25-year concession from
Colombia to build a canal across Panama.
o A concession is a grant for a piece of land in exchange for a
promise to use the land for a specific purpose.
Defeated by yellow fever and
mismanagement, the company
abandoned the project and offered its
remaining rights to the United States for
$100 million.
 Negotiations with Columbia (which owned Panama)
failed. They wanted to hold out until the French
contract expired in 1904.
 President Roosevelt helped instigate the Panamanian Revolution
to overthrow the Colombian government.
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The revolution is successful and the US recognizes Panama as an independent nation.
US negotiated Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty which gave us the land for the canal.
 The revolution left a legacy of ill will from Latin America
 The U.S. paid Panama $10 million for the land to build the canal
U.S. also paid $250,000.00 yearly rental fee.
quick access to Atlantic &
Pacific
military protection of
territories
trade & economic value
would increase
 Roosevelt at the canal in 1906
 $400 million to build
 Began in 1904 and completed by
1914
 Dr. Walter Reed found ways to
deal with yellow fever
 How the canal was built:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=q2T7CL9wqyM
 The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine — U.S. will act
as “an international police power” in the Western Hemisphere
America will intervene to prevent intervention by other powers.
 Ask first but bring along a big army to help convince them.
 Roosevelt in Latin America — Under Roosevelt, the United States often
intervened in Latin America.
 Roosevelt in Asia — Roosevelt wanted to preserve an open door to trade with
China. He won a Nobel peace prize for negotiating a peace settlement
between Russia and Japan.
 Absent from Roosevelt’s geopolitical thinking was the concern for
interests of less powerful nations
“Speak softly and carry a big stick and you will go far.”
Roosevelt used this old African proverb to guide his foreign policy.
Big Stick Policy: “Speak softly and carry a big stick”.
Also referred to as “Roosevelt’s Corollary”
 In 1907, President Roosevelt sent the
Great White Fleet, part of the United
States Navy, on a cruise around the
world
 The Fleet demonstrated U.S. as a
naval power that would maintain
stability in neighboring countries
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American citizens clearly saw the advantages of
having a powerful navy.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zkdiFsXEb5Y
 William Howard Taft
Elected President in 1908
Taft believed in maintaining
influence through American
investments, not military might.
 This policy was called dollar diplomacy. America will give
financial aid in return for loyalty.
 The United States reached new heights of international power under Roosevelt
and Taft.
 However, the policies of both Presidents also created enemies in Latin America
and a growing international resentment of U.S. intervention.
Roosevelt’s foreign policy was based on
(A) the threat of military intervention.
(B) the use of American investments.
(C) moral and legalistic standards.
(D) the fear of foreign invasion.
The “dollar” in the phrase “dollar diplomacy” referred to:
(A) bribing foreign diplomats.
(B) American investments in other countries.
(C) being conservative about buying goods from other countries.
(D) spending campaign dollars to influence public opinion.
Roosevelt’s foreign policy was based on
(A) the threat of military intervention.
(B) the use of American investments.
(C) moral and legalistic standards.
(D) the fear of foreign invasion.
The “dollar” in the phrase “dollar diplomacy” referred to:
(A) bribing foreign diplomats.
(B) American investments in other countries.
(C) being conservative about buying goods from other countries.
(D) spending campaign dollars to influence public opinion.
CHAPTER 17 SECTION 4
 (1) Expansion was a rejection of our principle of “liberty for
all.”
Some believed that the “constitution must follow the flag”
 (2) Imperialism was just another form of racism.
 (3) Expansion involved too many costs.
Maintaining the armed forces required more taxation, debt, and possibly even
compulsory, or required, military service.
In addition, laborers from other countries would compete for jobs with U.S.
workers.
 Patriotism
 Despite the arguments, Imperialism maintained a powerful hold on the
American public
Scouting programs showed a “frontier” mentality
Boy & Girl Scouts began in the early 1900’s
 Future Conflicts?
Which of the following was NOT an argument against imperialism?
(A) Imperialism rejected the idea of the “constitution must follow the
flag.”
(B) Other nations might boycott U.S. goods.
(C) Imperialism is another form of racism.
(D) Imperialism goes against the founding principles of our nation.
Which of the following was not an argument against imperialism?
(A) Imperialism rejected the idea of the “constitution must follow the
flag”
(B) Other nations might boycott U.S. goods.
(C) Imperialism is another form of racism.
(D) Imperialism goes against the founding principles of our nation.