Transcript Villa cheap spain

Becoming a World Power,
1880–1917
Expansionism shapes
U.S. foreign policy
and leads to the
acquisition of new
territories.
Detail of Theodore Roosevelt leading his
Rough Riders at the storming of San
Juan Hill, Cuba, on July 1, 1898.
NEXT
Becoming a World Power,
1880–1917
SECTION 1
The United States Continues to Expand
SECTION 2
The Spanish-American War
SECTION 3
U.S. Involvement Overseas
NEXT
Section 1
The United States
Continues to Expand
The United States expands its interest in
world affairs and acquires new territories.
NEXT
SECTION
1
The United States
Continues to Expand
Reasons for U.S. Expansion
• Imperialism—stronger nations extend control over
weaker nations
• European nations have been establishing colonies
for centuries
• 3 factors help fuel development of American
imperialism:
- economic interests
- military interests
- belief in cultural superiority
Chart
NEXT
SECTION
1
Seward and Alaska
• Secretary of State William Seward arranges
purchase of Alaska (1867)
• Purchase is widely criticized, turns out to be great
bargain for U.S.
NEXT
SECTION
1
The Annexation of Hawaii
• By late 1800s, wealthy planters dominate Hawaii’s
economy
• Hawaiian leader Queen Liliuokalani wants to limit
planters’ power
• Planters, U.S. Marines overthrow queen, set up
own government
• Hawaii becomes U.S. state in 1898
Chart
NEXT
Section 2
The Spanish-American
War
Independence movements in Spanish
colonies lead to the Spanish-American
War in 1898.
NEXT
SECTION
2
The Spanish-American War
Rebellion Against Spain
• By 1890s, Spain has few colonies, Philippines,
Cuba, Puerto Rico
• In 1895, Cubans revolt, Spain uses harsh methods
to suppress revolt
• Methods anger Americans, rebellion disrupts U.S.
trade with Cuba
• U.S. newspapers describe, sometimes exaggerate,
Spanish cruelty
• Newspapers use sensational style of writing called
yellow journalism
Image
NEXT
SECTION
2
The United States Goes to War
• President McKinley demands Spain stop harsh
treatment of Cubans
• Sends U.S.S. Maine to Cuba to protect U.S.
citizens there
• Maine explodes, killing 260 sailors, Spain blamed
• “Remember the Maine!” becomes a call to arms
• McKinley demands Cuba’s independence,
withdrawal of Spain’s troops
• Spain refuses, Spanish-American War begins
Image
NEXT
SECTION
2
The War in the Philippines
• Filipinos revolt against Spanish rule (1890s)
• U.S. Commodore George Dewey in contact with
rebel leader
• Spanish-American War begins, Dewey, fleet head
to Manila, Philippines
• U.S. fleet destroys Spanish fleet at battle in Manila
Bay (1898)
• U.S. troops, Filipino rebels take control of Manila
in August
Map
NEXT
SECTION
2
The War in the Caribbean
• Theodore Roosevelt sets up 1st U.S. Volunteer
Cavalry—Rough Riders
• Rough Riders, other soldiers capture San Juan Hill,
near Santiago
• American ships destroy Spanish fleet in
Santiago Harbor
• Santiago surrenders, U.S. forces take Puerto Rico,
Spain signs truce
Map
NEXT
SECTION
2
Results of the War
• Spain gives up colonies, signs peace treaty (1898)
• Philippines becomes U.S. colony, Filipino revolt
against U.S. subdued
• Cuba adds Platt Amendment to its constitution:
- U.S. intervenes in Cuban affairs if life, property,
liberty threatened
- allows U.S. naval base at Guantánamo Bay
• Puerto Rico becomes U.S. territory
• Grants U.S. citizenship to all Puerto Ricans
NEXT
SECTION
2
The Anti-Imperialist League
• Many people object to U.S. treatment of Spain’s
former colonies
• Anti-Imperialist League members believe:
- U.S. should not deny other people
self-government
• League’s opinions lost in approval for SpanishAmerican War
NEXT
Section 3
U.S. Involvement
Overseas
In the early 1900s, the United States expands
its involvement in Asia and Latin
America.
NEXT
SECTION
3
U.S. Involvement Overseas
A Power in the Pacific
• U.S. acquires Hawaii, Guam, Philippines in
the Pacific
• Many Americans want profits from Asian
markets, resources
• Others want U.S. to extend its democracy, culture
to Asia
NEXT
SECTION
3
The United States in China
• Japan, European powers expand their spheres of
influence in China
• Spheres of influence—areas where foreign
powers claim special rights
• Most foreign powers in China accept U.S. Open
Door Policy (1899):
- no single country should have monopoly on trade
with China
• Many Chinese angry with presence of foreigners
• Boxer Rebellion—uprising against foreigners,
eventually subdued (1900)
Map
NEXT
SECTION
3
The Panama Canal
• U.S. leaders want canal to connect Atlantic,
Pacific Oceans
• Columbia refuses to give U.S. best spot for canal,
Isthmus of Panama
• U.S. supports revolt on isthmus, new nation
Panama created (1903)
• Panama gives U.S. strip of land—Canal Zone, U.S.
pays Panama
• U.S. builds Panama Canal—shortcut connects
Atlantic, Pacific
• In 1921, U.S. pays Columbia for loss of Panama
Map
Map
NEXT
SECTION
3
Building the Canal
• Building the canal is difficult, land swampy, malaria
common
• More than 45,000 workers labor for years on canal,
finished in 1914
• Canal cost $352 million, more than 5,000 workers
die building it
Chart
NEXT
SECTION
3
U.S. Involvement in Latin America
• U.S. buys food, raw materials cheap in
Latin America:
- bananas, coffee, copper
• Ship goods to U.S., sell for higher price
• U.S. buys large amounts of land in Latin American
for farming, mining
• Wants political stability, no European intervention
NEXT
SECTION
3
Policing the Hemisphere
• President Roosevelt’s foreign policy, “Speak softly,
but carry a big stick”
• Adds the Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe
Doctrine (1904):
- allows U.S. leaders to intervene in Latin
American affairs if needed
• Authorizes U.S. to act as “policeman” in the region
• President Taft urges U.S. investment in Latin
America
• Sends troops to Nicaragua to protect investments
Interactive
Continued . . .
NEXT
SECTION
3
continued
Policing the Hemisphere
• President Wilson intervenes in Mexican revolution
• Sends troops to capture Mexican revolutionary
Pancho Villa
• Americans see U.S. as a good police officer in
Latin America
• Latin Americans see U.S. as imperial power
Image
NEXT
This is the end of the chapter presentation of
lecture notes. Click the HOME or EXIT button.
NEXT
Print Slide Show
1. On the File menu, select Print
2. In the pop-up menu, select Microsoft PowerPoint
If the dialog box does not include this pop-up, continue
to step 4
3. In the Print what box, choose the presentation format
you want to print: slides, notes, handouts, or outline
4. Click the Print button to print the PowerPoint
presentation
Print Text Version
1. Click the Print Text button below; a text file will open
in Adobe Acrobat
2. On the File menu, select Print
3. Click the Print button to print the entire document, or
select the pages you want to print
Print Text
BACK