Transcript A Time of Conflict - El Segundo Middle School

5.2 SECTION FOCUS QUESTION:
Why was the Louisiana Purchase so
important to the history and development
of the United States?
The Louisiana Purchase nearly doubled the
size of the U.S. We avoided war with
France. It allowed U.S. to expand from “sea
to shining sea”. We learned about the
people, landforms, and wildlife of the west
and found out once and for all that there is
no Northwest Passage.
Chapter 5, Section 3
A Time of Conflict
p. 196-200
Conflicts with the British at sea and
Native Americans in the West lead to
the War of 1812.
U.S. History Trivia
Question: What was the first country to officially declare
war on the United States?
Answer: Tripoli (1801)
• It WAS in Northern
Africa
• It was one of the
“Barbary States”
–
–
–
–
Morocco
Algiers
Tunis (Tunisia)
Tripoli (Libya)
Defeating the Barbary States
• Barbary (Pirate) States
demand tribute from U.S.
merchant ships for
“protection”
The North African
countries of the
Barbary States:
Morocco, Algiers,
Tunisia, and Tripoli
– forced payment from one
country to another
• USS Philadelphia and its
300 man crew are
captured by Tripoli pirates
• President Jefferson sends
Stephen Decatur and 60
sailors to raid Tripoli and
burn the Philadelphia.
Stephen Decatur
Burning of the USS Philadelphia
The Pirate Coast
William Eaton
Stephen Decatur shooting the Tripoli
Corsair who had killed his brother while
Reuben James sacrifices his head. (1804)
American Neutrality is Challenged
• Britain & France go to
war (again) in 1803
– American merchants
trade with both France &
Britain
British impressment of American sailors
France seized 500 and Britain more than 1000
American ships between 1803 and 1807.
• Trying to hurt each other,
both France & Britain
seize American ships
– Impressment - Britain
forces American sailors to
serve in the British Navy
How will President Jefferson respond?
Jefferson Responds With an Embargo
• Jefferson orders an embargo
against both France & Britain
– a government order that forbids
foreign trade
Political cartoons about
Jefferson’s “ograbme”
-Embargo Act of 1807
• No American ship can sail into
any foreign port.
• American exports fall from $109
million to $25 million in 1 year.
– Tens of thousands of Americans lose
their jobs. Many turn to smuggling
- the act of illegal importing or
exporting goods
• Jefferson’s Embargo is a total
disaster for America.
Jefferson’s
Presidency Ends
• After all the success
of his first term,
Jefferson’s second
term is horrible.
• By the end, he’s hates
being president so
much….
• Meanwhile, in the
NW Territories….
Encroachment on Indian Lands
p. 199
• 1000s of American settlers push farther west after the
Battle of Fallen Timbers.
• Settlers turn Native American hunting grounds into farmland.
• Diseases continue to kill 1000s of Native Americans.
Tecumseh & the Prophet
• Tecumseh attempts to
create a Native American
league to resist the U.S.
– Tenskwatawa: spiritual
leader of the Shawnee
(Tecumseh’s brother)
Tecumseh
• William Henry Harrison
attacks Tecumseh’s league
at Tippecanoe River (1811)
– Tecumseh’s dream of
Native American unity is
destroyed.
Tenskwatawa
“The Prophet”
(Tecumseh’s brother)
William Henry Harrison
“Tippecanoe”