Transcript Troubles with France and Britain Chapter 11 Section 3

Troubles with France and Britain
Intercourse or Impartial Dealings": an American cartoon of 1809
by "Peter Pencil" showing President Thomas Jefferson being
robbed by England (King George) and Napoleon as a result of
Jefferson's embargo policy.
Chapter 11 Section 3
A wounded American seaman (not Reuben
James, in spite of the tattoo) saving
American Commodore Stephen Decatur
from a scimitar stroke during the Tripolitan
War of 1804-1805.
Trading Around the World
After the Revolution trade grew rapidly
around the world.
• Traders brought American fur to China that they
sold for large profits. Americans took great risks
in selling their goods overseas.
Traders ran great risks
Pirates often attacked the ships and stole the goods.
To protect American ships, the United States paid a fee
to the rulers of the (1) Barbary Coast States (or the
North African States.)
A Temple from the
Barbary States
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Barbary Pirates attacking
American Ships
Tripoli declares War on U.S.
• In 1801 Jefferson refused to pay an increased amount of (2)
tribute, Tripoli declared war on the United States.
• Jefferson ordered a blockade of the port of (3) Tripoli. After
an American ship, the Philadelphia, was captured in Tripoli,
(4) Stephen Decatur lead a daring raid on the port of Tripoli.
• Defeated in 1805 Tripoli signed a treaty promising not to
interfere with American ships. The war made it clear
American needed a (5) navy.
STEPHEN DECATUR
(1779-1820). American
naval commander.
Desperate conflict of
American seamen, under
Commodore Decatur, on
boarding a Tripolitan
corsair.
In 1803, Britain and France went to war
again.
Jefferson issued a policy of
neutrality meaning that they
would not get involved in
British or French affairs
during the (6) Napoleonic
Wars.
The Americans made a huge
profit by selling goods to both
the French and British.
NAPOLEON I (1769-1821). Emperor of the French.
Napoleon with General Louis Alexandre Berthier (red and
gold uniform) and Field Marshal Joachim Murat at the
Battle of Jena, Prussia, 14 October 1806.
American Neutrality Challenged
British ships returned to their
policy of impressment –
forcing people into service, by
which they would seize (7)
American sailors and force
them to serve in the British
navy claiming they were the
(8) king’s subjects.
British captains took over 10,000
American citizens to man ships.
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U.S. relations with Great Britain became
increasingly rocky during this period.
• On June 22, 1807, the H.M.S. Leopard bombarded and
forcibly boarded the (9) U.S.S. Chesapeake off Norfolk,
Virginia in search of British navy deserters.
Impressment of American seamen into
British navy following the defeat of USS
Chesapeake by HMS Leopard off
Hampton Roads on 22 June 1807.
Jefferson tries an Embargo
• Many Americans from both parties wanted to go to war.
• Madison persuades Jefferson to seek passage of
Embargo Act, a complete ban on trade with (10) Great
Britain and France.
Some merchants turned to
smuggling - importing and
exporting goods in violation
of trade laws.
The embargo hurt Britain and France
• The Embargo Act was a failure and hurt (11)
Jefferson’s popularity. The Americans suffered
the most. Exports dropped from $108 million to
$22 million in 1808. American sailors had no
work and farmers lost money because they
could not ship their goods overseas.
• Jefferson admitted after a year that the Embargo
Act had failed.
A merchant trying to smuggle goods out
of the country during the Embargo Act.
He is snapped by federal authorities in
the form of a turtle. "Oh, this cursed
ograbme!" "O grab me!" Is of course
"Embargo" spelled backwards.
Jefferson followed the precedent set by
Washington and refused to run for a third
term.
• In the election of
1808, (12) James
Madison became
president of the
United States.
JAMES MADISON (1751-1836).
4th President of the United States.
President James Madison on
the front of a U.S five thousand
dollar note, 1934.
End of the Embargo Act
• In 1809, the (13) Non-Intercourse Act replaced
the Embargo Act, allowing Americans to trade
with all nations except Britain and France.
James Madison severs
the head of the terrapin
representing Ograbme