Transcript (2) - Cloudfront.net

Warm Up (Question missed on Test)
Why did the Germans dislike and persecute the Jews?
A. The Germans saw the Jews as a threat to the economy because
they were taking away jobs from Germans.
OR
B. Germans saw the Jews as an inferior race of humans and that the
German race was superior to the Jews and encouraged Germans to
persecute them.
READ THIS!!!
“A self-respecting nation cannot, on a scale accepted up to now, leave its
higher activities in the hands of people of racially foreign origin . . . Allowing
the presence of too high a percentage of people of foreign origin in relation
to their percentage in the general population could be interpreted as an
acceptance of the superiority of other races, something decidedly to be
rejected.”
The Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung of 27 April 1933
Now again, select the BEST answer….
Which of the following expresses the attitude of the author and most
contributed to the Holocaust?
A. The Germans saw the Jews as a threat to the economy because
they were taking away jobs from Germans.
OR
B. Germans saw the Jews as an inferior race of humans and that the
German race was superior to the Jews and encouraged Germans to
persecute them.
Warm Up
“To the Victor Belong the Spoils.”
With your partner brainstorm and write
possible meanings for the quote in general,
and in relation to the end of World War II.
Historical Winners and Losers
Rome defeats Carthage after two-year siege
North defeats South in American Civil War
Allies defeat Central Powers in
WWI
Why do you think the Allies
partitioned Germany?
Why did the four parts of
Germany combine into two
Germanys?
The U.S.S.R was also in control of Eastern Europe
which they held as satellite nations.
Satellite Nations – A satellite state is a political term for a country that is formally
independent, but under heavy political and economic influence or control by another
country.
What is the U.S.S.R.?
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics - was a constitutionally socialist state that
existed between 1922 and 1991, ruled as a single-party state by the Communist
Party with Moscow as its capital. A union of 15 subnational Soviet republics,
its government and economy were highly centralized.
These are the countries that exist today
that were once apart of the U.S.S.R.
Quick Review of the Basics of Communism
Communism - a government where people shared work fairly and were
paid equally. The word “Communism” comes from the Latin word
“Communis” which means common or belonging to all.
In a communist society the government is in control of the government and
economic system. They own the means of production. They own the
property.
There is the bourgeoisies the upper class.
There is the proletariat the working class.
This basic idea is that capitalism makes the rich get
richer will the poor get poor. Communism is a
is meant to be the great equalizer.
Marx’s Theory
•
Capitalism creates huge factories. Workers become concentrated and begin to
organize for legal reforms (higher wages/better working conditions). Their effort
fails.
•
Fierce competition between capitalists leads to new technologies, which leads to
lower costs.
•
In the competition, some capitalists go bankrupt & have to become workers, and
many workers lose their jobs as new technology replaces them.
•
Greater numbers of people permanently unemployed. Misery widespread.
•
Fewer people can afford the products of capitalists, so fewer companies survive.
•
Class struggles intensify.
•
Conditions now ripe for revolution. The proletariat, having nothing to lose but their
chains, rise up.
Marx’s Theory
Revolution will eliminate private property. No longer will man have the means of
exploiting another man.
Bourgeoisie will fight, so revolution will be violent.
A dictatorship of the proletariat will weed out remaining capitalist elements.
The Worker’s Utopia
In the end, a classless society with no more oppression or internal contradictions.
People will be free to choose how they labor, and can be creatively productive.
They will be able to live to their fullest potential.
This was the result the U.S.S.R. was hoping for
when it was first formed.
Harry S. Truman (1945-1953)
As World War II wraps up the political disagreements
between the United States and the Soviet Union will
intensify which will lead to an ideological conflict for the
next 60 years which is called the Cold War.
Rivalry with the Soviet Union promoted American
fears of communism.
Soviet Aggression – Between 1918 to 1920 communists defeated
anti-communists in Russia. In 1922 the communists created the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR or the Soviet Union).
European countries and the United States feared that communist
expansion threatened established government particularly
democracy and freedom (see Red Scare). Following World War II,
communists sought to take over Greece and establish an airbase in
Turkey.
Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss
with your partner the following question:
What fear was created in the
U.S. when communists in
Russia formed the Soviet
Union in 1922?
Truman Doctrine – (1947) policy of the Truman administration to support
Greece and Turkey with military and economic aid to enable them to “survive
as a free nation.” Several policies of President Harry S. Truman were directed
at containing Soviet (communist) aggression, and he persuaded Congress that
this was a global struggle of freedom over communism. Truman believed that
the United States should support “free peoples who are resisting attempted
subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures,” a belief that was the
basis of his Truman Doctrine, and which guided American foreign policy for
many years.
Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss
with your partner the following question:
What fundamental belief was
behind the Truman Doctrine?
Iron Curtain – phrase used by Winston Churchill
to describe the division of Europe between
communist and democratic nations. The Iron
Curtain symbolized the ideological conflict and
physical boundary dividing Europe into two
separate areas from the end of World War II in
1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991.
Containment – U.S. policy regarding the Soviet Union
and preventing the spread of its communist influence
throughout the world. This was our philosophy of
handling the spread of communism from 1945-1989.
Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss
with your partner the following question:
What is the theory behind the
U.S. policy of Containment?
Marshall Plan – In 1947 Secretary of State George Marshall proposed an
economic program to contain communism. His Marshall Plan supported
economic aid to Europe and generated increased trade between the United
States and European nations. The Marshall Plan extended financial aid to
friendly European nations rebuilding after the destruction of the war. Marshall
received the 1953 Nobel Peace Prize for the plan.
Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss
with your partner the following question:
How did the Marshall Plan
support the U.S. policy of
Containment?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) – In 1948
Stalin attempted to eliminate involvement of the West
in Berlin and enacted the Berlin blockade. This prompted
the United States to join Canada, Iceland, and nine other
western European nations in the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO). Each pledged loyalty to the other
in case of attack.
Berlin Airlift (1948-1949)– During the Communist
blockade of West Berlin, British and U.S. planes flew
humanitarian supplies into Berlin for nearly a year.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5GoIL9gVonQ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fQ30Rgc5Prc
Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss with
your partner the following questions:
What effect did the Soviet
blockade of Berlin have on U.S.
foreign policy?
How did the Berlin Airlift increase
America’s stance as a world
power?
Berlin Wall – In 1961, the Soviet-backed the East German
government (GDR) began constructing a fence to halt the flow of
human resources from the East to the West. This also closed
escape routes of East Germany. The Wall was a symbol of the
division of East and West for the remainder of the Cold War until it
was taken down in 1989.
West Berliners watch
construction of the Berlin Wall
Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss with
your partner the following questions:
Describe the term “Iron Curtain”.
Why was the Berlin Wall
constructed?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OwQsTzGkbiY