Transcript Civilization, Past & Present

Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
Chapter Outline
I. Technology and Social Changes
II. The United States
III. Western Europe
IV. Eastern Europe
V. The Soviet Union and the Russian Republic
VI. Interdependence in a Changing World
Brummett, et al Civilization, Past & Present
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
I. Technology and Social Changes
A. Technological Revolutions
James D. Watson, Francis H. C. Crick
1953, DNA model
Silicon Chip
computer processors
B. The Postwar Social Revolution: Women and Family
Women leaders
Europe, America, Japan, Philippines
Glass ceiling
Eastern Europe, Russia
less advancement
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
II. The United States
New Deal
legacy until 1980's
A. Postwar Leadership
Harry Truman, 1945-1953
Dwight Eisenhower
John F. Kennedy
"New Frontier"
B. The Crisis of the Presidency
Lyndon B. Johnson
Civil Rights Act of 1964
War on Poverty
Medicare
Vietnam
> protests
1968 - Assassinations
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Robert F. Kennedy
Richard M. Nixon, elected 1968
re-elected, 1972
Watergate
> impeachment, 1974
resignation
Oil embargo, 1974
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
II. The United States
C. The Limited Presidency
1976 - Ford v. Jimmy Carter
Hostage Crisis
Tehran
> 1980, Reagan elected
Ronald Reagan
"New Federalism"
1984 Election
re-election
Conflicts
Lebanon
Libya
Muammar al-Qadafi
> 1986, attacks
Iran-Contra affair
Nicaragua, El Salvador
revolutionaries
(C. The Limited Presidency)
George Bush, 1988
1990, Persian Gulf War
Iraq invades Kuwait
1992, Bill Clinton
North American Free Trade Agreement
D. The New Century: Electoral Crisis and Terrorism
2000 Campaign
Albert Gore v. George W. Bush
September 11, 2001
Patriot Act
Weapons of Mass Destruction
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
III. Western Europe
European Economic Community
1957, established
= Common Market
1992, Treaty of Maastricht
European Union
12 members
2004, Twenty-five members
A. Economic Growth and
the Immigration Dilemma
Gasterbeiter
= guest workers
especially from Turkey, Balkans
Illegal immigrants
NAFTA
Canada, U.S., Mexico
APEC
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
III. Western Europe
C. France: Grandeur and Reality
1944, de Gaulle
provisional president
B. Great Britain
Conservatives (Tories)
1945, Clement Atlee
Labour
1951-55, Churchill
1955-57, Anthony Eden
1946, Fourth Republic
Algeria
1958, De Gaulle
president
ends war with Algeria
1968-74, Georges Pompidou
1957-63, Harold Macmillan
1974-81, Valery Giscard d'Estaing
1964-75, Harold Wilson
1981-93, François Mitterand
1979-90, Margaret Thatcher
1996, Jacques Chirac
1997-, Tony Blair
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
III. Western Europe
(D. Germany: Recovery to Reunification)
D. Germany: Recovery to Reunification
West Germany (GFR) to 1989
Konrad Adenauer
leader of Christian Democrats
1955, sovereignty
1969, Social Democrats
Will Brandt chancellor
Ostpolitik
East Germany to 1989
1961, Berlin Wall
Erich Honecker
Unification
1989, Wall breached
1990, East German Elections
pro-Western parties win
> re-unification
1998, Gerhard Schroeder
1974, Helmut Schmidt
1982, Christian Democrats
Helmut Kohl
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
III. Western Europe
E. Italy: Political Instability, Economic Growth
1947, monarchy ended, new constitution
Christian Democrats
Alcide de Gasperi, 1947-53
Red Brigade
1978, Also Moro kidnapped
Forza Italia coalition
Silvio Berlusconi
Romano Prodi, 1990's
F. Portugal
1910, Republic
1910-30, 21 uprisings
1932 - Antonio de Oliveira Salazar
retires, 1968
Mario Suares
Socialist coalition
G. Spain
1955, joins U.N.
1956, Pact of Madrid
U.S. aid for military bases
1975, Franco dies
Prince Juan Carlos succeeds
1982, joins NATO
ETA - Basque separatists
H. Greece
Civil War, 1946-49
communist defeat
Irredentas
1967, Dictatorship
1974, Cyprus
1981, Common Market
Andreas Papandreou
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
IV. Eastern Europe
B. Czechoslovakia
COMECON, 1949
response to Marshall plan
Alexander Dubcek
1968, Soviets invade
A. Poland
Wladyslaw Gomulka, 1956-1970
1989, "Velvet Revolution"
Vaclav Havel
Edward Gierek, 1970-1980
1990, Havel president
Solidarnós'c, 1980
Lech Walesa
1983, Nobel Peace Prize
1993, split
Czech Republic
Havel
Slovak Republic
Vladimir Meciar
1990, market economy
Solidarnós'c splits
Mazowiecki Tadeuszi
Prime Minister, 1990
Lech Walesa
President
1998, joins NATO
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
IV. Eastern Europe
E. Romania
C. Hungary
1956, Revolution
Janos Kadar, 1912-1989
Imre Nagy executed
1989, Austrian barriers removed
Multiparty system
> Joszef Antall
D. Bulgaria
Nicolae Ceausescu
Securitate
1989, arrested, executed
1996, Emil Constantinescu
F. Albania
Enver Hoxha (1908-85)
tied to Soviets
1991, elections
Todor Zhivkov
Kosovars
1989, uprisings
Zhivkov out
coup, Peter Mladenov
Zhelyu Zhelev elected president
2001, Simeon II president
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
IV. Eastern Europe
G. Yugoslavia and after
Josip Broz Tito
liberation from Nazis
1980, death
1991, ethnic division
Slobodan Milosevic, Serb
> Slovenia, Croatia, Macedonia
"ethnic cleansing"
1999, NATO bombing
2001, Milosevic tried in the Hague
Elections
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
V. The Soviet Union and the Russian Republic
A. Soviet Postwar Policies
Stalin
1946, fourth five-year plan
1953, dies
B. From Kruschchev to Chernenko
Nikita Sergeyevich Krushchev (1894-1971)
de-Stalinization
1956, Twentieth Party Congress
Leonid Brezhnev (1964-82)
appartchik
V. The Soviet Union and the Russian Republic
C. Mikhail Gorbachev: Glasnost and Perestroika
1985, president
glasnost (openness)
perestroika (restructuring)
Supreme Soviet replaced by
Congress of People's Deputies
1991, attempted coup
Boris Yeltsin, President
end of Central Committee
end of USSR
> Commonwealth of Independent States
Yuri Andropov (1982-84)
KGB head
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
V. The Soviet Union and the Russian Republic
D. Boris Yeltsin and the Russian Republic
1993, standoff
Yeltsin re-elected
Oligarchs
young capitalists
control resources
1999, Vladimir Putin
Prime Minister
Yeltsin resigns
> Putin president
E. Vladimir Putin
2000, confirmed as president
United Russia
media control
Ukraine
Leonid Kuchma, president
Belarus
Chechnya
Tajikstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
VI. Interdependence in a Changing World
A. The Global Economy
OPEC
Oil embargo, 1970's
de-stabilizing
World recession, 1978-85
World Trade Organization, 1993
B. Environmental Challenges
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins
Chapter 33: The United States and Europe Since 1945
The Euro Comes to Greece
Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins