Transcript Arizona: The History of Our State

ARIZONA & Westward Expansion
Spanish Empire to Statehood
Mr. Potts
7th Grade Social Studies
Spanish Empire
• For approx. 300 years “Arizona” was part of the
Spanish Empire.
Mexico Revolts Against Spain (1821)
• Arizona was part of the Mexican State of Occidente.
• Mexico has 31 states today.
Louisiana Purchase (1803)
• U.S. deal with France for $15 million - $.04 per acre.
• Today’s $... $236 million - $.42 per acre.
• 828,000 acres – land for 15 FUTURE states.
• EFFECT = doubled the size of the U.S.
Louisiana Purchase (1803)
OUTPUT Activity – POV Statement
“Mexico has passed the boundary of the United States,
has invaded our territory, and shed American blood upon
the American soil… The two nations are now at war.”
• James Polk U.S. President from his address to Congress, May 11, 1846.
Name, a place in society, believes ideas, because blank.
James Polk, a U.S. President, believes Mexico and the United States are
at war, because Mexico invaded our territory and shed American blood.
Mexican-American War (1846-1848)
• War between Mexico and the United States.
• The two countries were fighting over…
L AND
• Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ENDS the war.
• EFFECTS:
• U.S. WINS LAND
• 525,000 square miles
• CO, AZ, CA, UT, NV, WY, NM
• Mexico gets $15 million from the U.S.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo - ACAPS
• Author – United States Government
• Context – United States (White House) at the end of
the Mexican-American War (1846-1848)
• Audience – United States & Mexican Governments
• Purpose – To end the war and settle dispute over…
L-A-N-D
• Significance – End of the war… United States
continues expansion West.
Mexican Cession
Gadsden Purchase (1854)
• U.S. deal with Mexico signed by James Gadsden to
acquire land in order to build a railroad.
• $10 million dollars - $.33 cents per acre.
• 24% of Arizona’s current land south of the Gila River.
Gadsden Purchase (1854)
Map Questions
1. What cities were acquired by the Gadsden Purchase?
2. What cities benefitted from the coming of the Railroad?
Arizona Organic Act (1863)
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Signed by President Abraham Lincoln on February 24,1863.
Created Arizona Territory.
Abolished slavery in the territory.
Territorial Capitals:
• Prescott 1863
• Tucson 1867
• Phoenix 1889
Map Questions
1. What strikes you as odd or unusual about this map?
2. Before the Gadsden Purchase, what type of landform
do you think formed the southern boundary of the
land that would become Arizona?
3. What resource might Nevada have been seeking
access to when it acquired new land in 1866?
Enabling Act (1910)
• Passed by Congress to ENABLES AZ to become a state.
• AZ must create a state Constitution.
Arizona Constitution
• A constitution is a body of fundamental principles or
established precedents according to which a state or other
organization is acknowledged to be governed.
• Arizona had a “recall” provision in the constitution allowing
for voters to remove elected judges from office.
POV Statement
On Aug. 15, 1911, President William Howard Taft, the
27th President of the United States, serving from
1903-1913, vetoed the Arizona statehood bill, calling
the provision for recalling judges “destructive.”
Name, a place in society, believes ideas, because blank.
William Taft, a President of the United States, believes
Arizona statehood should be vetoed, because the provision
for recalling judges is “destructive.”
This cartoon shows
President Taft opposing
the recall provision in
Arizona’s
Constitution. What
does the “pet” in the
picture represent? Why
do you think the artist in
the East drew Arizona
like he did?
AZ Statehood (February 14, 1912)
AZ Facts
• Admitted as a State: February 14, 1912 as the 48th state
• 1st Governor: George W.P. Hunt
• Nicknames: The Grand Canyon State, The Copper State, The
Valentine State
• Current Capital: Phoenix
• Motto: Ditat Deus “God Enriches”
• Largest City: Phoenix
• Population (as of 2012): Approximately 6.6 million
Governor George W.P. Hunt Tomb
Arizona State Seal
“God Enriches”
Sun rising / setting
Behind AZ mountains
miner
AZ farmland
AZ dam & lake
Statehood
AZ Settlement & Expansion
• People settled near water sources for personal & industrial
usage.
• The railroads reduced the shipping costs and time to and
from Arizona.
• Towns began to develop along rivers and railroads.
• The discovery of silver, copper, and zinc in the late 1800’s.
AZ Dams & Canals
• Built to control and provide water to farmlands and growing
residential areas.
• Key to economic growth allowing for population growth,
farming, mining, and manufacturing.
• Create changes in the environment…
• natural land forms are changed
• areas change from desert to lush and lush to desert
• wildlife is forced to relocate or perish
AZ Geography & Climate
• Geographical Zone: A region with a distinct climate ,
landforms, and plant and animal populations.
 Arizona has the following Zones:
Desert also known as “Basin and Range”
Mountain also known as the “Transition Zone”
Plateau also known as “Colorado Plateau”
AZ Geography & Climate
• Geographical Zones determine how you live…
• What you eat
• What your home is like
• What you do for a job
• What your culture is like
• No other single factor influences the development of human
cultures across the globe as much as Geographical Zones.
Arizona Geographic Zones
Smartboard
Volunteers?
• Desert – Basin & Range
• Mountain – Transition Zone
• (Colorado) Plateau
Phoenix
Sonoran Desert
- Saguaro Cactus
- Arid = DRY!
Westward Expansion EXPANDS
• Manifest Destiny
• Americans believed it was God’s plan to expand America
the from sea to sea.
• Indian Removal Act
• Law that forced all Native Americans living east of the
Mississippi River to be relocated in the West.
• GOLD
• Discovered in California… created a mass migration of
American and foreigners to move West