Transcript Spanish American War and Panama Canal PPT

Spanish-American
War and the Panama
Canal
SS5H3. The student will describe how life changed
in America at the turn of the century.
c. Explain how William McKinley and Theodore
Roosevelt expanded America’s role in the world;
include the Spanish-American War and the building
of the Panama Canal.
William McKinley
William McKinley and the
Spanish-American War
1. In 1897, William McKinley became the
president of the U.S. He entered the
office when many citizens wanted
America to grow and expand.
2. The West was settled, and many
citizens wanted to conquer foreign
territories as well. They felt it was
important to keep the nation strong.
Others felt that the U.S. should
civilize the rest of the world.
3. Many thought if the U.S. grew, it would
produce wealth.
4. In the late 1890’s, Cuba and Puerto Rico
were ruled by Spain. The Cuban people
wanted their independence and many of
them revolted. They tried to rebel in 1868
and 1895, but both attempts were
unsuccessful.
5. The Spanish responded with military force,
putting many Cubans in prison camps.
6. In the U.S., many politicians called for war,
saying it was the duty of the U.S. to defend
the Cuban people.
7. When fighting between the Cubans and
Spanish Military continued, President
William McKinley sent the battleship
USS Maine to Havana, Cuba. On
February 18, 1895, the USS Maine
exploded, killing more than 200
American soldiers.
8. When the USS Maine mysteriously
exploded in a Cuban harbor, the United
States blamed Spain and declared war.
9. Historians later declared that the
explosion was probably and accident.
10. The Spanish-American War began on
April 25, 1898.
11. The first battles of the SpanishAmerican War were not fought in
Cuba; they were fought in the
Philippines. Less than two weeks after
the war was declared, the U.S. Navy
was sent to the Philippine Islands.
12. Led by Commodore George Dewey, the
Navy destroyed the Spanish fleet and
captured Manila Bay.
13. Back in the U.S., many Americans
volunteered to fight in the war. The
Army grew quickly from about 30,000
to more than 274,000. Among these
who volunteered was Theodore
Roosevelt, who had been an assistant
secretary of the Navy.
14. Roosevelt had quit his job to form a
fighting company made up of mostly
cowhands and college athletes, called
the Rough Riders.
15. The Rough Riders took part in the
Battle of San Juan Hill and the siege
of Santiago.
16. The siege ended on July 17, 1898, and
the Spanish leaders in Santiago soon
signed an armistice.
17. The Spanish-American War lasted less
than 4 months. More than 5,000
American soldiers died, mostly from
diseases such as malaria and yellow
fever.
18. The war made the U.S. a stronger
world power.
19. Under the peace treaty, Spain agreed
to give the United States control of
Cuba, Guam, the Philippine Islands, and
Puerto Rico.
20. Cuba became an independent country
in 1901. The Philippine Islands gained
independence in 1946. Guam and Puerto
Rico are still possessions of the United
States.
Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt and the
Panama Canal
1. When Theodore Roosevelt returned
from Cuba, he was very popular. Many
people knew about him and liked him.
2. He was soon elected governor of New
York. Two years later, he became Vice
President, serving under President
William McKinley.
3. On September 6, 1901, President
McKinley was shot in Buffalo, New
York, by a person who was against the
government. He passed away eight
days later, and Roosevelt became
President.
4. Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt was a man
of action. He believed the U.S. should
actively use its power to shape events
in the world. He believed that what
happened in the rest of the world
affected the U.S.
5. When Russia and Japan were at war
with each other in 1904 and 1905,
President Roosevelt helped the two
nations work out a peace agreement.
Because of this work, he became the
first American to win a Nobel Peace
Prize.
6. The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded to a
person or organization each year who
helps bring peace to the world.
7. In 1907, President Roosevelt decided
to remind other countries of the world
that he was the leader of a powerful
military force. He sent a fleet of
warships, painted a dazzling white, on a
worldwide cruise. According to
Roosevelt, the Great White Fleet
showed the world that Americans felt,
“the Pacific was as much our home as
the Atlantic.”
8. One of President Roosevelt’s goals was
to build a canal across Panama, in
Central America. The canal would link
the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. This
would link the American territories in
the Atlantic with those in the Pacific.
9. For years people had talked about
building the canal, which would cut
across the isthmus that joined North
America and South America.
10. A French company tried to build a
canal in the 1880’s but the thick jungle
and the diseases that killed many
workers forced the company to stop
working on the project.
11. In 1904, work began on the Panama
Canal. Huge earth moving machines
began to cut down trees and thick
growth of the jungle. Engineers
designed huge canal locks to help ships
move though the waterway.
12. American workers were able to stay healthy
while building the canal. Doctors now knew
that mosquitoes carried malaria and yellow
fever, the diseases that stopped the
French. The Americans controlled the
mosquitoes by draining all of the swamps
where the insects lived.
13. It took 10 years and $380 million. The first
ship passed through the canal on August 15,
1914. Today, the canal helps move people and
goods all around the world.
14. Although the U.S. does not own the land in
Panama, they control the Panama Canal and
an area 5 miles wide on each side of it.
Why is William McKinley important to the
Turn of the Century?
- He was president during the SpanishAmerican War.
How did life change as a result of the work
of William McKinley?
- Cuba gained their independence from
Spain and the U.S. gained possession of Puerto
Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.
• Why is Theodore Roosevelt important to
the turn of the century?
– He made the Panama Canal, which
connected the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
• How did life change as a result of the work
of Theodore Roosevelt?
– Ships were able to travel from the East Coast
to the West Coast much faster when moving
through the Panama Canal.