Transcript Test Review - Schoolwires

Test Review
Growth of Democracy, Industry &
Reform - with Blanks
Industrial Revolution led to
• great difficulty for the
the new way of life.
• a rise in the standard of
working class.
• the development of the
in adapting to
for the
class.
most important economic
development in mid-19th century was
rise of the
.
Erie Canal
permitted the transfer of goods from New York
to New Orleans along
.
During the Jacksonian era, provision
for universal white manhood suffrage
was passed by almost all the states
women and immigrants in the factory
system
were powerless to affect
.
or working
Increasing democracy in politics during
the Jacksonian era included
• establishment of national presidential
nominating
.
• abolition of
requirements for
voting
• direct election of
electors
largest number of immigrants to the
United States during the first half of
the 19th century came from
.
tariff of 1828 =“tariff of abominations”
because it
established extreme
of
Northern industry to the detriment interests
by the 1850’s, immigrants to the
northeastern states came mostly from:
•
• England
•
.
.
During the market revolution
although Americans professed to believe in
, the market revolution coupled with
American materialistic pursuits led to great
inequalities in
.
The American Industrial Revolution
during the early 1800s resulted from :
• new inventions such as the
• technological advanced imported from
• the appearance of better transportation
systems.
.
.
Marshall's decisions in Fletcher v. Peck
and Dartmouth v. Woodward dealt
with the
protection of
state governments.
from violation by
Lowell and Waltham did not lost long
because
in the highly competitive
manufacturers were eager to cut
market,
costs.
Jackson destroyed the national bank
by
removing government funds and directing
them into state “
” banks
Clay's "American System"
• a national
with branches in the states.
• high
to protect infant industries.
• federal financing of
improvements.
Industrial Revolution had which of the
following effects on slavery in the
South
rapid growth in the textile industry encouraged
Southern planters to grow
, thereby
making
more important to the
economy.
“middle class” in northern cities
• shopkeepers
•
.
• doctors
state “interposition”
any state could block enforcement of federal
laws it considered
.
rapid growth of American cities led to
the deepening of
differences
leading advocate of humane treatment
of the insane was
.
abolitionists of the 1830s
were an active and influential minority within
the
movements of the era.
major antislavery society before the
1830s was the
American Colonization Society.
most radical of the demands of
women’s rights reformers in the 1840’s
the right to
.
Declaration of Sentiments modeled on
Declaration of
.
Few African-Americans agreed with
the American Colonization Society’s
attempt to transport blacks to Africa
because
few free
Africa
were interested in moving to
Panic of 1837 was caused by
• the closing of the
.
• a decline in the demand for American
• land an banking
.
.
Policies based on the idea of Manifest
Destiny led to
• war with
.
• increased sectional conflict over
• the annexation of
.
.
Transcendentalists believed that
had to come to their own,
individual conclusions about faith and
spirituality
post-Garrison abolitionist movement
insisted that slavery was foremost a question
of
evil
Jackson vetoed the re-chartering of
the National Bank because
he believed it represented preferential
treatment for a small group
of
.
reform movements in the 1830’s &
1840’s
• won a growing
following
revivalist movements of the 1820s
aided the formation of reform
movements by stressing the
• need to do
.
asylum movement of the 1800s
incorporated the principle of
• firm, yet
to
, treatment
the criminal and the insane.
temperance movement
• People took the movement seriously,
believing that
was the root of
most social problems.
movement for free public education
• political egalitarians, who believed education
necessary to
.
•
in need of an educated working
force
• laborers interested in bettering their own
condition
criticism of the Mexican War came
from
•
.
Garrison transformed the movement
against black slavery by his advocacy
of
•
abolition of Southern slavery
basis of the social reform movements
that began in the 1820s was the belief
that
• the American people had a divine mission to
eradicate
in the world
Whigs v Democrats
•
favored an expanded, activist
federal government
•
favored a limited noninterventionist federal government.
Worcester v. Georgia
• ruled that the
had "an
unquestionable right" to their lands.
Manifest Destiny was based on
•
racial superiority justified
American absorption of inferior peoples and
their lands.
• new lands would extend the domain of free
government and free enterprise.
• America had a specially ordained
in
the world.
cause of the increasingly tense
relations between the Mexican
government and the American
residents in Texas
• the instability of
politics.
• attempts by the Mexican government to
prohibit importation of slaves.
• increasing American
.
abolitionists used
• “moral
morality)
” (appeals to religious
Charles G. Finney is closely associated
with
•
and social reform
nineteenth-century reform leaders
were
• generally
class
founders of utopian communities
believed that
• if social arrangements could be
the ills of society could be eliminated.
,
Brook Farm, Massachusetts, and New
Harmony, Indiana
• model
a better social order
designed to achieve
Horace Mann campaigned for
• a longer
• state-supported
• an improved
year
training
in schools
before the Civil War, the women of the
United States
• establishment of the first women’s and the
first co-educational
.
• the right, in a few states, to control their
own
if they were married
• acceptance as elementary school teachers and
nurses