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Topic: Patterns of Migration (Global and Domestic) • Aim: How do migration patterns manifest globally? International Migration Patterns • Approximately 9 percent of the world’s people are international migrants. • Global pattern reflects migration tendencies from developing countries to developed countries. – Net Out-Migration • Asia, Latin America, and Africa – Net In-Migration • North America, Europe, and Oceania © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Global Migration Patterns: • Generally flow of migration goes from LDC’s to HDC’s • Typically flow from Asia and Latin America to both Europe and North America • Highest % of migrants in Middle East due to various push/pull factors (formation of Israel, etc) GLOBAL MIGRATION PATTERNS The width of the arrows shows the amount of net migration between regions of the world. Countries with net inmigration are in red, and those with net outmigration are in blue © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. NY Times Global Migration Map: • http://www.nytimes.com/ref/world/200706 22_CAPEVERDE_GRAPHIC.html U.S. Immigration Patterns: • How have patterns of migration changed throughout the history of the United States? • “Where do immigrants to the United States come from? A new Pew report finds that this has been slowly changing over time. In 1992, most legal immigrants came from Latin America and Europe. Nowadays, they are more likely to come from Asia and Africa” - The Changing Origins of U.S. Immigration, May 2013 U.S. Immigration Patterns • U.S. has more foreign-born residents than any other country: approximately 43 million as of 2010—growing by 1 million annually. • Three main eras of immigration in the U.S. – Colonial settlement in seventeenth and eighteenth centuries – Mass European immigration in the late 19th and early twentieth centuries – Asian and Latin American integration in the late Twentieth and early twenty-first centuries © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. The Lower East Side is one of the oldest neighborhoods in city and has been a home to countless new immigrant communities from all over the world. IMMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES Europeans comprised more than 90 percent of immigrants to the United States during the nineteenth century. Since the 1980s, Latin American and Asia have been the dominant sources of immigrants. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. CHANGING CENTER OF U.S. POPULATION The population center is the average location of everyone in the country, the “center of population gravity.” If the United States were a flat plane placed on top of a pin, and each individual weighed the same, the population center would be the point where the population distribution causes the flat plane to balance on the head of a pin. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Migration to the U.S. by country of origin U.S. Immigration: 1840 - 1930: W. and N. European transitioning to Southern and Eastern European by 1910 – Irish (potato famine in 1840s) and Germans – During 1900s: Italians, Russians, Austria-Hungary (Czech, Poland, Romania, etc.) 1950 - Today: Asians and Latin Americans; declining Europeans – Asians: China, India; 1980s -1990s: Philippines, Vietnam, and South Korea – Latin America: Mexico, Dom. Rep., El Salvador, Cuba, Haiti 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act admitted former illegals in 1990, 1991. • Destinations of U.S. Immigrants - ethnic neighborhoods often result of • Chain migration: the migration of people to a specific location due to relatives or members of same nationality having moved there as well. – Mexicans: California, Texas, Illinois, New York – Caribbean: Florida or New York – Chinese and Indians: New York & California – Other Asians: (Filipino, Vietnamese, etc.): California New York Harbor and Ellis Island. Ellis Island is connected to New Jersey by bridge. Liberty Island and the Statue of Liberty are south of Ellis Island. Ellis Island: Migration from Latin America to the United States