Transcript Chapter 6, Lesson 3 World War One

Chapter 6, Lesson 3
World War One
Mr. Julian’s 5th Grade Class
Essential Question
• What were the causes
of World War I and
which countries were
involved?
Places
• Austria-Hungary
• Serbia
• Versailles, France
People
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Woodrow Wilson
John J. Pershing
Eddie Rickenbacker
Alvin C. York
Vocabulary
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World War I
Nationalism
Alliance
Isolationism
League of Nations
Treaty of Versailles
A Gathering Storm
• Several events took place to make World War
I possible.
• At the time, European countries had strong
feelings for nationalism, or a love of one’s
country.
• Many countries also feared attacks from
their rivals so these countries formed
alliances or agreements to defend one and
another.
Alliances
• Allied Powers
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Great Britain
France
Russia
Serbia
Belgium
* U.S. (in 1917)
• The Central Powers
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Germany
Austria-Hungary
Bulgaria
Ottoman Empire
(Turkey)
A Gathering Storm
• In 1914 Austria-Hungary controlled
Serbia, a country that did not accept
that authority.
• On June 28, 1914, a Serbian nationalist
assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand
and his wife Sophie.
• Austria-Hungary declared war on
Serbia and World War I began.
Fighting Begins in Europe
• Due to the alliances signed many countries
were drawn into the war.
• Germany declared war on Russia on August
1st.
• Germany then declared war on France on
August 3rd.
• Again on August 4th Germany declared war
on Belgium.
• Finally, Great Britain declared war on
Germany.
Fighting Begins in Europe
• The fighting was awful.
• Soldiers dug trenches that faced each
other.
• They used barbed wire to protect their
trenches making the land between the
two sides a “No Man’s Land.”
• Soldiers lived in these trenches for
many years.
The United States Enters the
War
• At first the U.S. stayed out of the war
keeping to its isolationism, or
remaining neutral.
• Anther problem was that America had
many people from both sides and it
was difficult to ask people to fight
their former country.
The United States Enters the
War
• On May 7, 1915 Germany sank the
British ship Lustiania, killing more than
100 Americans.
• President Woodrow Wilson asked
Germany to not attack non-military
ships.
The United States Enters the
War
• The events that led the U.S. to war begain in
January 1917 when it was learned that
Germany asked Mexico to enter the war on
the side of the Central Powers. If they did
Germany promised to give back all of the
land they lost to the U.S.
• The final blow came in February when
Germany sank American ships.
The United States Enters the
War
• On April 2, 1917, President Wilson
asked Congress to declare war on the
Central Powers.
• President Wilson hoped by entering the
war the U.S. would make the world a
safer place.
• On April 6, 1917 Congress declared war
on Germany.
Over There
Johnnie get your gun, get your gun, get your gun, Take it on the run, on
the run, on the run, Hear them calling you and me, Ev'ry son of liberty.
Hurry right away, no delay, go today, Make your daddy glad to have had
such a lad, Tell your sweetheart not to pine, To be proud her boy's in
line.
Over there over there
Send the word, send the word over there
That the Yanks are coming, the Yanks are coming, The drums rumtumming ev'rywhere So prepare say a pray'r Send the word, send the
word to beware We'll be over, we're coming over, And we won't come
back till it's over, over there!
Johnnie get your gun, get your gun, get your gun, Johnnie show the Hun
you're a son of a gun, Hoist the flag and let her fly, Yankee Doodle do or
die.
Pack your little kit, show your grit, do your bit, Yankees to the ranks
from the towns and the tanks, Make your mother proud of you And the
old Red White and Blue
America at War
• The U.S. was led into war with General
John J. Pershing as its leader.
• Pershing landed in France in June
1917.
• More than 4 million soldiers, sailors
and Marines aided the allies.
• The U.S. helped turn the war to the
allies victory.
America at War
• One hero was flying Ace Eddie
Rickenbacker.
• He shot down 22 German planes and 4
balloons.
• Another U.S. hero was Alvin C. York.
• York, using only a rifle, killed 35
machine gunners and captured 132
Germans.
New Technologies
• In April 1915, Germany first used
poison gas.
• Gas masks were then used to defeat
the gas.
• Airplanes were also used to drop
bombs on enemy targets.
• Tanks were also first used in WWI
• Finally, submarines were successfully
used.
War’s Impact at Home
• American’s were doing what they could
to support the Yanks “Over There.”
• Uncle Sam asked young men to join the
Army
• People had to ration their food to give
more to the men fighting.
• Women took over the jobs the men left
behind, keeping America strong.
The War Ends
• The U.S. helped win many battles
against the Germans.
• This led to the defeat of the Central
Powers
• On November 11, 1918, at 11 am, the
Central Powers surrendered.
• The war had been costly, nearly 12
million people died from the war.
• It was called “The War to End All
Wars.”
The United States and the
Peace Process
• In January 1919, President Wilson and
other Allied leaders met at Versailles,
France to sign a peace treaty.
• This also formed the League of
Nations, an organization to prevent
future wars.
• The Treaty of Versailles officially
ended the war and made Germany pay
heavy fines and not allow them to rebuild an army.
The United States and the
Peace Process
• The U.S. did not sign the treaty as the
Senate felt that Germany was treated
too harshly.
• The Senate did not join the League of
Nations as they wanted the U.S. to
return to isolationism.
Timeline
• 1914 - World War I began
• 1917 - United States entered World
War I
• 1919 - Treaty of Versailles ended World
War I.