Transcript The End of WWI

The Conclusion of the Great War
The Romanovs
• The Russian Revolution
in 1917 ends their
participation in the
Great War.
• End of the Russian
Empire and the birth of
Communist Russia…
The Soviet Union
US Response
The United States Remained Officially Neutral
Be “Neutral in thought and in deed”
Is neutrality different than isolationism?
As the war progressed the US position changes over
time from one that was neutral to one that favored
Allies
Think-pair-share
Discuss with the people at your table,
the details regarding what prompted
US involvement during World War I.
Reasons for US Involvement
• Ties to Great Britain
• Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (Lusitania)
• The Zimmerman Telegram
The use of unrestricted submarine
warfare, our economic and political
ties to Great Britain, and the
Zimmerman Telegram render the US
unable to remain neutral in the Great
War any longer. The US joins the war
April 2, 1917.
Over There
Johnnie, get your gun,
Get your gun, get your gun,
Take it on the run,
On the run, on the run.
Hear them calling, you and me,
Every son of liberty.
Hurry right away,
No delay, go today,
Make your daddy glad
To have had such a lad.
Tell your sweetheart not to pine,
To be proud her boy's in line.
(chorus sung twice)
Johnnie, get your gun,
Get your gun, get your gun,
Johnnie show the Hun
Who's a son of a gun.
Hoist the flag and let her fly,
Yankee Doodle do or die.
Pack your little kit,
Show your grit, do your bit.
Yankee to the ranks,
From the towns and the tanks.
Make your mother proud of you,
And the old Red, White and Blue.
Chorus
Over there, over there,
Send the word, send the word
over there That the Yanks are coming,
The Yanks are coming,
The drums rum-tumming
Ev'rywhere. So prepare, say a
pray'r, Send the word, send the
word to beware. We'll be over,
we're coming over, And we won't
come back till it's over
Over there.
The Draft
After America joined World War I,
the country needed men to serve
in the military. Compulsory
service was in place within six
weeks. Draft Notices, like the
one depicted in this image,
alerted all males between the
ages of 21 and 30 ("both
inclusive") to register for military
service. Anyone who failed to do
so risked a year in jail. In early
June, of 1917, about 9 million
young American men registered
for the draft. Image online,
courtesy Oregon State Archives.
Opposition to the War
• When President Wilson called the nation to war, he knew
that not all Americans would respond with enthusiasm.
• For religious or political reasons, some Americans opposed
the war= Pacifists
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Home Front
• To help the government “sell” the war to the public, the
president created a propaganda agency know as the
Committee on Public Information.
• The agency hired reporters, artists, movie directors, writers,
and historians to create a massive propaganda campaign.
• The agency put out press releases supporting the war effort.
• In schools, children saved tin cans, paper, and old
toothpaste tubes for recycling into war materials.
• Women met in homes or at churches to knit blankets
and socks for soldiers.
• The purchase of Liberty Bonds by the American
public provided needed funding for the war and gave
Americans a way to participate in the war effort.
http://www.windsofchange.net/archives/007396.php
Food
• The U.S. faced the huge responsibility of feeding the
armed forces, as well as Allied troops and civilians.
• To meet the challenge, Wilson set up the Food
Administration to oversee production and
distribution of food and fuel.
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• Wilson chose future president, Herbert Hoover to
head the Food Administration.
• Hoover raised crop prices to encourage farmers to
produce more food and began a campaign that urged
Americans to conserve food and reduce waste.
“Victory Gardens”
• Using the slogan “Food will win the war,” he urged families
to participate in “Meatless Mondays” and “Wheatless
Wednesdays.”
• Hoover called on Americans to increase the food supply by
planting “victory gardens.”
Great Migration
• As production of war materials rose, thousand of new jobs
opened up in the North at the nation’s steel and auto
factories. The mining and meatpacking industries also
needed more workers.
• Black newspapers urged southern blacks to leave home and
take advantages of these opportunities in the North (The
Great Migration.)
Wilson’s Fourteen Points
• Wilson’s Peace PlanIntention was to prevent
future wars
• First Five Points (causes of
war)
• Most important to him
– POINT 14
Wilson’s Goal- Forgive, Forget,
Press Forward
?Germany, France/Britain?
•
•
•
•
•
•
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1. No secret Alliances
2. Freedom of the Seas
3. Free Trade
4. Military reduction
5. Self-Determination
6-13. Territorial Changes
14. League of Nations
Armistice Signed
11th Hour
11th day
11th month
1918
(Signifies an end to the fighting)
Treaty of Versailles, 1919
• Dealt Harshly with Germany
• Wilson only convinced Allies to add 14th point to treaty
• Terms of Treaty (Some say Germany got a RAW deal)
R Reparations (Germany had to pay for war damages- billions)
A Allies redraw the boundaries of Europe (Germany Loses)
W War Guilt (Germany takes full blame for war)
• US Senate will not ratify Treaty
– Would entangle us in the problems of other nations
– League of nations is formed but we do not join
Legacy of World War I
In Flanders fields the poppies blow
Between the crosses, row on row,
That mark our place, and in the sky,
The larks, still bravely singing, fly,
Scarce heard amid the guns below.
We are the dead; short days ago
We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,
Loved and were loved, and now we lie
In Flanders fields.
Take up our quarrel with the foe!
To you from failing hands we throw
The torch; be yours to hold it high!
If ye break faith with us who die
We shall not sleep, though poppies grow
In Flanders fields.