Transcript Slide 1
The Cold War 1945-1991 Indirect conflict after WW2 Division of Germany and Berlin Constant threat of nuclear war Covert Conflicts, Coup d’etats, and Espionage Race to gain allies Race to space Clash of Viewpoints United States Capitalist- private ownership, individuals own businesses Democracy Individualism Allies: Western Europe and any other capitalist countries Soviet Union (USSR) Communist- government controls economy Totalitarian Dictatorship Collective good of the country Allies: Eastern Europe, China, Cuba, and parts of Asia 1950s Red Scare in U.S. Korean War – United States tried to stop communism in Korea CIA vs. KGB McCarthyism Images of 1950s Education in the 1950s-60s Sputnik creates a massive scare U.S. falls behind Soviets in Math and Science Government increases spending on education Scholarship opportunities increase 1960s Cuban Missile CrisisU.S. on brink of nuclear war with USSR Space Race Vietnam War- U.S. tried to stop communism from spreading in Vietnam 1970s Mutually Assured Destruction United States opens trade in China Vietnam fell to communists Treaties reduce nuclear weapons Collapse of Communism- Eastern Europe and Soviet Union 1980s Soviet Union and Eastern Europe Communist economies struggled Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan failed Numerous protests Eastern Europe pushes for independence 1989 Fall of Berlin Wall Communism Falls in Eastern Europe East and West Germany reunite Hungary and Poland become independent as result of Solidarity Movement Czechoslovakia splits into Czech Republic and Slovakia Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania move towards democracy Yugoslavia splits into 6 countries- Civil War and Ethnic Cleansing 1980s China Deng Xiaoping 4 ModernizationsAgriculture, Military, Industry, and Technology Economic Improvements But no political freedom- still communist Tiananmen Square Protest June 5th 1989 Student Protests Wanted Political Freedom Government responds harshlycommunism does not end “Deng’s Deal with the people” 1990s Gorbachev’s reforms - Glasnost and Perestroika August Coup Fails Soviet Union Collapsescommunism ends Yeltsin elected president Map of Soviet Union Collapse Cold War Ends