Transcript World War I

World War I
Monday 1/27 (Howell comes to
Smith/Ginn)
or Tuesday 1/28 (Howell comes
to Lawton)
STANDARDS AND
INDICATORS
Standard: 5-3 The student will demonstrate an
understanding of major domestic and foreign
developments that contributed to the United
States becoming a world power.
5-3.6 Summarize the factors that led to the
involvement of the United States in World War I
and the role of the United States in fighting the
war.
VOCABULARY WORDS
1. World War 1 – War fought from 1914 to 1918 between
the Central and Allied Powers. The United States joined
the Allied Powers in 1917, helping them to victory.
2. Nationalism – Love of country and the desire to have
one’s country free from the control of another.
3. Alliance – Agreement among nations to defend one
another.
4. Isolationism – Policy in which a nation prefers to remain
neutral and let other countries handle their own affairs.
5. League of Nations - International organization formed
after World War 1 to prevent wars.
6. Treaty of Versailles- Treaty signed in 1919 that officially
ended World War 1.
7. Imperialism – The policy of extending the rule of
authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or
of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies.
8. Militarism - a strong military spirit or policy.
9. Colonialism – the control or governing influence of a
nation over a dependent country, territory
Take a look at this devastation…. What might
motivate countries to go to war, risk lives, and
cause such destruction?
Overview of WWI
• World War I started in 1914 after
Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand
was assassinated. Fighting lasted
from 1914 until 1918. An agreement
to stop fighting, also known as an
armistice, occurred in 1918. The war
was not officially over, however, until
the signing of the Treaty of
Versailles in 1919.
Read Textbook page 273
Activity
MAP SKILL
Look at the map on page 273 and answer the
following questions
Wednesday page 273
I do: Reading a Map
textbook page 273
When I read a map, the first thing I need to look
for is the title. The title of this map is “The
Allied Powers and Central Powers in 1915.”
Next, I need to find my map key or legend.
Green means Allied Powers, pink represents
the Central Powers, and the orange represents
Neutral Nations. So, looking at my map, I can
tell that Allied Powers were split by the Central
Powers. This might cause a problem when
fighting…which side will the attack?”
We do: Reading a Map
textbook page 273
Let’s look at the map again and answer the
following questions!
1. In 1914 Italy was a member of the Central
Powers. What happened in 1915?
2. Which countries shown on the map were
neutral in 1915?
We do: Reading a Map
textbook page 273
Let’s look at the map again and answer the
following questions!
1. In 1914 Italy was a member of the Central Powers.
What happened in 1915?
Italy changed its alliance to the Allied
Powers.
2. Which countries shown on the map were neutral in
1915?
Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands,
Switzerland, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Albania, and
Romania
You do: Atlas Activity
In your groups/pairs, use atlas pages 76-77 to
answer section 1 a.-f. questions.
•
•
•
•
Read the overview.
Read map B.
Look at picture A.
Use the information to complete the sentences in
section 1 on your atlas activity sheet.
• Turn in atlas sheet when complete.
Closure
Turn and Talk
Summarize what you learned today
in class in one sentence.
Causes of WWI
Friday 1/31
STANDARDS AND
INDICATORS
Standard: 5-3 The student will demonstrate an
understanding of major domestic and foreign
developments that contributed to the United
States becoming a world power.
5-3.6 Summarize the factors that led to the
involvement of the United States in World War I
and the role of the United States in fighting the
war.
Causes of World War I
• France and Germany had a history of
conflict.
– In the late 1800s, the two countries had
fought in the Franco-Prussian War.
– Germany won the war and made France sign
a harsh treaty, that gave Germany control of
land.
– Tensions continued to increase between the
two into the early 1900s until many felt
another war unavoidable.
page 274
Causes Cont.
• The growth of imperialism added to
the tensions between countries in the
years before the war.
–The countries of Europe all tried to
build the largest empire because
they believed a large empire would
make them powerful.
–For this reason, they competed for
land in Africa and Asia.
Causes cont.
• Militarism also grew throughout
Europe in the years before World War
I.
–Most countries decided that building
up their armed forces was the only
way to protect themselves.
–They also wanted to protect their
empires from the other European
powers.
Activity: Cause and Effect
• Read USA Weekly Week 20
• “World War I Explodes in Europe” page 1
Activity—USA Week 20 pg. 1 “World War I
Explodes in Europe”
I do:
I ask
myself
why World
War I
begin?
Trade Competition between
countries in Europe.
World War I
Begins
We do:
Ask
yourself
what
caused
World War
I to begin?
Trade Competition between
countries in Europe.
World War I
Begins
We do:
Ask
yourself
what
caused
World War
I to begin?
Trade Competition between
countries in Europe.
Spirit of jealousy and fear
spread over Europe.
Many nations wanted
to form alliances to
protect themselves.
World War I
Begins
You do:
Ask
yourself
what
caused
World War
I to begin?
Trade Competition between
countries in Europe.
Spirit of jealousy and fear
spread over Europe.
Many nations wanted
to form alliances to
protect themselves.
What other
causes can you
find?
World War I
Begins
You do:
Ask
yourself
what
caused
World War
I to begin?
Trade Competition between
countries in Europe.
Spirit of jealousy and fear
spread over Europe.
Many nations wanted
to form alliances to
protect themselves.
World War I
Begins
Assassination of
Archduke Ferdinand by
a Serbian.
Imperialism (taking
over other lands.)
What other
causes can you
find?
Acts of terror.
Closure
• What is a world war?
• What was the purpose of alliances
between countries?
Causes of WWI Cont.
Monday 2/3
STANDARDS AND
INDICATORS
Standard: 5-3 The student will demonstrate an
understanding of major domestic and foreign
developments that contributed to the United
States becoming a world power.
5-3.6 Summarize the factors that led to the
involvement of the United States in World War I
and the role of the United States in fighting the
war.
Causes Cont.
• Nationalism grew in many areas of
Europe in the 1800s.
– Nationalism can be defined as loyalty to a
region, country, or group.
– In the Balkans, which is in southeastern
Europe, the people grew tired of being
controlled by large empires.
– A group of Serbians known as the Black Hand
were responsible for assassinating the
Austrian archduke, Franz Ferdinand.
– This is because their land was controlled by
Austria and they wanted to rule themselves.
Allied Powers V. Central Powers
• After war broke out, the countries of
Europe united into two groups: the
Allied Powers and the Central
Powers.
• The United States avoided getting
involved in the conflict as long as
possible but eventually joined the war
on the side of the Allied Powers in
1917.
Powers Chart
Allied Powers
• France
• Great Britain
• Russia
• United States
Central Powers
• Germany
• Austria-Hungary
• Bulgaria
• Ottoman Empire
M.A.I.N
• “MAIN” Causes of WWI
–M-militarism
–A-alliances
–I-imperialism
–N-nationalism
Activity: Sequence of Events/Summary
USA Weekly 20
“World War I Explodes in Europe”
I do: Sequencing to help me summarize.
I can ask myself what happened first in the text.
European nations are competing against each other.
We do: Sequencing to help me summarize.
Ask what happened after the competition arose?
European nations are competing against each other.
We do: Sequencing to help me summarize.
Ask what happened after the competition arose?
European nations are competing against each other.
European nations begin building alliances with each other.
You do: Sequencing to help me summarize.
Ask what happened after the alliances began?
Then complete the sequence map.
European nations are competing against each other.
European nations begin building alliances with each other.
Closure/Exit Slip
• Independently, use your sequence map
and write a short summary of the article.
The US Enters WWI
Thursday, February 20th
STANDARDS AND
INDICATORS
Standard: 5-3 The student will demonstrate an
understanding of major domestic and foreign
developments that contributed to the United
States becoming a world power.
5-3.6 Summarize the factors that led to
the involvement of the United States in
World War I and the role of the United
States in fighting the war.
What do you see when you look at this drawing?
What comes to mind? What could be going on here?
World War I and the United States
• The United States tried to stay neutral for
the first few years of World War I.
– Many in the US supported isolationism, which
is a foreign policy idea that means that the
United States did not want to get involved with
other countries.
– Americans believed that becoming caught up in
a European war would not benefit the U.S. in
any way.
– Staying neutral was very difficult, however,
because of America's close relationship with
Great Britain and the interruptions to trade.
• The United States became concerned
about Germany early in the war.
• The Germans announced they would
be using unrestricted submarine
warfare.
– This meant German submarines would
sink any enemy ship without warning.
– They said they would even sink ships
that were not being used for the military,
like merchant or passenger ships.
• In 1915, a German submarine sunk
the Lusitania.
–The Lusitania was a British ocean
liner. Most of the passengers on the
ship were killed, including some
Americans.
–This angered many Americans and
is considered one of the reasons
that the United States became
involved in World War I.
• In February 1917, British intelligence
intercepted a telegram addressed to
the German minister in Mexico from
German Foreign Secretary Arthur
Zimmerman.
– Zimmerman offered to help Mexico recover
territories (like Texas, California, and Arizona)
that they had lost to the U.S., in exchange for
an alliance between Mexico and Germany.
– The British passed this message to U.S.
officials who took this threat very seriously.
• Throughout the war, Americans slowly
turned against Germany.
• On April 2, 1917, President Woodrow
Wilson called a special session of
Congress in order to ask for a declaration
of war against Germany.
• The United States declared war on April 6,
1917.
Trench Warfare—Why fight this way?
Is this a safe way to fight? Why or why not? What other types of
fighting do you think happened during WWI?
Activity
Cause (Why?) and Effect (What?)
Students will complete the cause and effect
chart on page 60 in the workbook.
Use textbook pages 272-280 to help
determine the causes and effect.
I do: Cause and Effect
Cause—I ask myself, why
was there increased
tension in Europe and the
formation of alliances?
Effect—(The What)
• Increased
tension in
Europe,
formation of
alliances
I do: Cause and Effect
Cause
Effect
• Competition,
rising
nationalism in
Europe.
• Increased
tension in
Europe,
formation of
alliances
We do: Cause and Effect
Cause
• United
States
pursues
policy of
isolationism.
Effect
We do: Cause and Effect
Cause
Effect
• United
States
pursues
policy of
isolationism.
• United States
stays out of the
War at first.
You do: Cause and Effect
Cause
Effect
Competition, rising
nationalism in Europe.
Increased tension in Europe,
formation of alliances
1.
Casualty figures rise
shockingly
United States pursues policy
of isolationism
United States stays out of
the War at first.
United States enters the
fighting
2.
3.
United States does not join
the League of Nations
You do: Cause and Effect
Cause
Effect
Competition, rising
nationalism in Europe.
Increased tension in Europe,
formation of alliances
Trench warfare and use of
new weapons such as
poison gas.
United States pursues policy
of isolationism
Casualty figures rise
shockingly
United States enters the
fighting
Some in the United States fear the
League of Nations would draw the
US into future conflicts.
United States stays out of
the War at first.
Tide on the battlefield turns
against Central Powers
United States does not join
the League of Nations
Name___________
Exit Slip
• Read “Mechanized War Magnifies Loss”
on the bottom page 2 of USA Weekly 20
and complete the exit slip.
Effect
Cause
World War I
brought new
technology to
warfare.
Effect
Effect
The US and WWI
Friday, February 21st
What word comes to mind when you look at this picture?
Would you have the courage to put yourself in harms way?
STANDARDS AND
INDICATORS
Standard: 5-3 The student will demonstrate an
understanding of major domestic and foreign
developments that contributed to the United
States becoming a world power.
5-3.6 Summarize the factors that led to
the involvement of the United States in
World War I and the role of the United
States in fighting the war.
• As early as September 1914, the
countries fighting in World War I had
reached a stalemate.
–A stalemate is a situation where no
one is winning.
–After the United States entered the
war in 1917, the Allies began to win
the war.
After the War
• When the war ended in 1918, President
Woodrow Wilson made a peace plan
known as his Fourteen Points.
–He called for an end to colonialism
and the establishment of the League
of Nations, an international peacekeeping organization.
–The Fourteen Points were the main
idea of the Treaty of Versailles.
Treaty of Versailles
• The Treaty of Versailles ended World
War I.
– The treaty placed all the blame for the war on
Germany and removed its military strength.
• forced to pay other countries for the entire cost of
the war
– President Wilson wanted European countries
to help each other recover after the war.
– It was clear, though, that countries like France
and Great Britain simply wanted to punish
Germany.
• The United States refused to ratify the
Treaty of Versailles because the U.S.
Senate was concerned over the role of the
League of Nations.
• It was concerned that the organization
would override American interests and
reduce Congress' war powers.
• After the war, the United States gained
respect and was seen as a world power
because of its helpful role in the war.
Activity
• Jigsaw the article “America Helps Win
World War I”
– Each group will be assigned a portion of the
article and will create a 5W’s chart to share
with the class.
I do: “Food, Clothing, and War Equipment Shortages”
Read article (USA Weekly 20, pgs. 2) ,
then complete 5W’s chart.
• Who?
• What?
• When?
• Where?
• Why?
I do: “Food, Clothing, and War Equipment Shortages”
Read article (USA Weekly 20, pgs. 2) ,
then complete 5W’s chart.
• Who? European Workers, German agents and spies,
American Factories
• What? European factories and farms could not make
enough supplies for the troops in Europe. US
business boomed because of this, but eventually
blockades kept American from selling supplies to
Germany. Germany then sent spies and agents to
America to sabotage their factories and industries.
• When? During World War I
• Where? Europe and America
• Why? Germany was mad that they could not get
We do: “U-Boats”
Read article (USA Weekly 20, pgs. 2) ,
then complete 5W’s chart.
• Who?
• What?
• When?
• Where?
• Why?
We do: “U-Boats”
Read article (USA Weekly 20, pgs. 2) ,
then complete 5W’s chart.
• Who? Germany
• What? U-Boats used to sink merchant
ships, eventually sunk the Lusitania, a
British passenger ship that had Americans
on it.
• When? 1915
• Where? Off the coast of Ireland
• Why? Germany had declare the waters off
the coasts of its enemies a war zone.
You do: “U-Boats”
Read article (USA Weekly 20, pgs. 2) ,
then complete 5W’s chart.
5W’s Chart
• Who?
• What?
• When?
• Where?
• Why?
Groups:
1. United States
Declares War
2. The Western Front
3. America Breaks
Through the
German Lines
4. The War is Over
Closure:
• Historians say that the end of World War I
helped to cause World War II. Can you
think how?
Closure:
• Historians say that the end of World War I
helped to cause World War II. Can you
think how?
– The losing sides hostility and anger over
having to pay war damages, loss of pride and
land
• Who? ____________________________
___________________________________
• What? ____________________________
___________________________________
• When? ___________________________
___________________________________
• Where? ___________________________
___________________________________
• Why? ____________________________
___________________________________
Monday, February 24th
WWI VIDEO
Video• World War I
3, 2, 1: Video—World War I
• 3 Things I learned:
– 1.
– 2.
– 3.
• 2 Things I have questions about
– 1.
– 2.
• 1 Opinion
– 1.
Review
Tuesday, February 25th
Jeopardy/Study Guide Questions
QUESTIONS:
1. Explain how the U.S. felt about the war at the
beginning of World War 1?
Answer: The U.S. wanted to remain neutral and
stay out of the fighting.
2. What two events angered many Americans and led
to increased support for the war.
Answer: The sinking of the Lusitania and the
Zimmermann Telegram
3. What factors helped set the stage for the
outbreak of World War I?
Answer: growing nationalism in Europe, competition
between the nations of Europe, and alliances among
different nations of Europe.
4. During World War I, what did the countries of
Great Britain, France, Russia, Serbia, and
Belgium become known as?
Answer: the Allied Powers
5. Why did the United States decided to break its
policy of isolationism and enter World War?
Answer: A German submarine sank ship Lusitania
and killed more than 100 U.S. citizens, Germany
promised to help Mexico get back lands it had lost to
the United States, and German submarines sank
three American-owned trade ships.
6. What effect did United States
troops have on the war when they
entered it?
Answer: The Allied Powers quickly
gained a military advantage
7. What was the impact of World War I in the
United States?
Answer: Some women went to work in factories
to take over jobs men had done, The government set
up a Food Administration to encourage people to eat
less and send food to soldiers, and People started
growing food in “war gardens” to send to soldiers
fighting overseas.
8. What was President Wilson hoping to
accomplish by entering World War 1
Answer: He wanted to make the world “safe
for Democracy.”
9. What was a major factor in the victory of
the Allied Powers?
Answer: American troops entered the war on
the side of the Allies
10. Which countries was a member of the
Allied Powers?
Answer: Great Britain, France, Russia,
Serbia, and Belgium
11. Why did the members of Congress vote
not to join the League of Nations?
Answer: They wanted the United States to
stay out of other countries’ problems.
12. Name two results of the Treaty of
Versailles and tell whether or not this was
what President Wilson wanted.
Answer: The Central Powers were
punished-President Wilson did not want this.
The League of Nations was created-President
Wilson had suggested that such an
organization be formed.
13. Summarize the actions of the
United States throughout World War I.
Answer: The United States originally
chose to avoid involvement in World War
I. German attacks on shipping and
attempts to draw Mexico into the conflict
finally led the United States to join the
war. Once involved in the fighting, the
United States helped turn the tide and
bring victory to the Allies.