Transcript The Louisiana Purchase

The Louisiana
Purchase
EQ: What
was the
importance of
the purchase
and
exploration of
the Louisiana
Territory?
I.
Westward settlement increase after Revolutionary War
By 1800, more than 1 million settlers lived between the
Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River
Most Westward settlers were farmers
A.
B.
i.
They relied on the Mississippi River to ship crops to port of
New Orleans
Spain threatened to close Port of New Orleans to
American ships.
C.
i.
Americans made a treaty(Pinckney Treaty) with Spain in
1795. Treaty guaranteed the American’s right to ship good
down the Mississippi River to New Orleans
I.
Spain secretly gives the Louisiana Territory back to
France
1801, Jefferson discovers the transfer of land between the
two countries
A.
i.
ii.
iii.
Jefferson alarmed by development, new ruler of France:
Napoleon Bonaparte gave him cause to be alarmed
Jefferson feared Napoleon would make France the dominant
power in Europe as well as America
If Napoleon controlled Louisiana, Westward expansion of the
United States would be blocked.
In 1802, Spanish governor of Louisiana withdrew the
right of Americans to ship their goods through New
Orleans.
I.
A.
Westerners wanted to wage war after affair (port
blockade)
II. Jefferson decided that the best approach would be to
offer to purchase New Orleans from French
A.
B.
Sent James Monroe to make a deal; Monroe also had the help of
Robert Livingston
Men were instructed to buy New Orleans and a territory to the east
called West Florida
In Paris, the Americans discovered that Toussaint
L’Ouverture had been waging a revolution against
France in Haiti (their Caribbean colony).
II. Without Haiti as a base, the French could not defend
Louisiana in the event of an American War
III. At the same time, tension between France and Britain
was on the rise and war was looming; Napoleon need
money to support war effort.
IV. France offer the US not only New Orleans, but the
entire Louisiana Territory.
I.
Livingston and Monroe
agreed to purchase territory
stretching from the Gulf of
Mexico to Canada and from
the Mississippi River to the
Rocky Mountains.
Purchase an amazing bargain
for the US
I.
II.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cost 15 million ~ 4 cent an
acre
Doubled the size of the
country
Gave US millions of
unexplored, fertile land
Gave US control of
Mississippi
The Constitution does not state that a President has the
power to purchase land from a foreign country
II. Jefferson reasoned that the Constitution allowed the
President to make treaties, in order for purchase
Congress approved the sale as a treaty and land was
quickly paid for.
I.
Even before purchase of the
Louisiana Territory, Jefferson
convinced Congress to spend $2500
on western expedition
Jefferson chose Meriwether Lewis
to lead expedition
I.
II.
A.
Lewis chose William Clark as his
co-leader
Goals of Exploration
III.
A.
B.
C.
Report on Geography, plants,
animals, & other natural features
of region
Make contact with Native
American who lived in territory
Find out waterways existed
between the Mississippi and the
Pacific Ocean
I.
Spring of 1804, Lewis and Clark left St. Louis and
headed up the Missouri River
A.
B.
C.
Expedition carried 40 men most Americans, several were
French Canadians, also included an enslaved African
American
Mid-July reached the mouth of the Platte river, powerful
tributary that flows into the Missouri
Early-August- met Native Americans for the first time
and reached the eastern edge of the Great Plains
October 1804, Lewis and Clark meet Sacagawea, who
would serve as a translator on their travels
II. Reach the Continental Divide (the Rocky Mountains) by
1805.
III. Reached Columbia River and had to cross a 55 mile
stretch of rapids & rough river; after rapids crossing
they saw the Pacific Ocean
IV. Began return journey in March 1806, it took half a year
to return to St. Louis.
I.
1806-1807- Zebulon Pike explored the southern part of
the Louisiana Territory
II. Pike’s Peak in the Colorado Rocky Mountains was
named after explorer
III. Pike’s route took him into Spanish New Mexico
I.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Members of expedition group were arrested as spies by
Spanish
Spanish feared Pike was gathering information for an
American take over of the region
Men were held captive for months and were escorted
back to United States
Pike’s report on Spanish borderlands created great
American interest in the region
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
What was the importance of the purchase and exploration of the
Louisiana territory. Explain 3-5 sentences
Why was New Orleans important to the United States?
What important right did the united states gain with Pinckney
Treaty of 1795?
What were some of the goals that Lewis and Clark had to achieve
on their expedition?
How did Sacagawea contribute to the expedition?
What did Lewis and Clark encounter that impeded their travel to
the Pacific ocean?
Define the following terms: expedition, Meriwether Lewis,
William Clark, Continental Divide, Zebulon Pike
How did the Spanish react to Pike’s expeditions? What did they
do?