Transcript The Louisiana Purchase and Exploration_1

The Louisiana Purchase and Exploration
Chapter 10 Section 2
The West in 1800
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In 1800 the West was the area between the
Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi
River.
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Kentucky and Tennessee became states 1800 and
Ohio became a state in 1803
France had given the Louisiana Territory to
Spain to avoid giving the Territory to the British
after they had lost the French and Indian War
in 1763.
Spain and France were negotiating for
ownership of the Louisiana territory.
 The land between the Mississippi River and
the Rocky Mountains.
North American in 1800
The United States Expands
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In 1800 France regained control of the Louisiana
Territory.
 France ordered the Spanish still in New Orleans
to close the Port to American Shipping in 1802.
 Angry Westerners then called for war against
both Spain and France.
 Westerners used the New Orleans and the
Mississippi for commerce trade to other
parts of the Country and the World.
 Jefferson to avoid war offered to buy New
Orleans from France for $10 million.
 France offered to sell all of Louisiana to the
United States for $15 million dollars
Jefferson in Conflict
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When Jefferson learned of the Offer from
France he is thrilled.
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Jefferson wanted a country of small farmers.
But he was a Strict Interpreter of the
Constitution and it did not say anywhere in the
Constitution that the government can buy
land.
Jefferson ultimately makes a treaty with
France to sell all of Louisiana to the United
States for $15 million dollars (or 3¢ per acres).
 This purchase doubled the size of the United
States.
Why France Sells
 Napoleon
was alarmed by the
determination of the US to keep the port
of New Orleans Open.
 Napoleon enthusiasm for an American
Colony was lessened by the loss of the
Colony of Haiti.
 Napoleon was in a costly war with Great
Britain and needed the money to
continue the fight with the British.
Louis and Clark Expedition
The Corps of Discovery
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Jefferson chose Meriwether Lewis to lead the expedition.
 He was Jefferson’s personal secretary
Louis asked Lieutenant William Clark a mapmaker and
outdoorsman to co-lead the expedition.
 Clark brought his slave – York and he was thought of
as a kind of celebrities among the Native Americans
The Expedition left St Louis in May 1804 with 40 men.
Lewis and Clark main mission from Jefferson was
 to discover an all water route to the Pacific
 to establish good relationships with the Native
Americans
 To describe and collect samples of the landscape,
plants and animals
Louis and Clark Expedition
The Corps of Discovery continued
Louis and Clark Expedition
The Corps of Discovery continued
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The Expedition wintered in what is today North
Dakota with the Mandan Indians.
In Spring 1805 they continued up the Missouri
with Sacagawea (a Shoshone Indian) and her
French husband Chabonah,
 Her language skills, she spoke several
languages including sign language
 her knowledge of geography, she helped lead
them through the Rocky Mountains
 her presence and Son Jean Baptiste, Women and
children did not usually accompany War parties.
 Her brother A Shoshone chief gave the
expedition horses and other assistance.
Louis and Clark Expedition
The Corps of Discovery continued
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The Expedition reached the mouth of the
Columbia River and the Pacific in November
1805.
They suffered a long winter and were able to
returned to St Louis in 1806.
Results
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Brought back a wealth of information and samples
Discovered that an all water route did not exist
Created the 1st reliable maps of the Louisiana
Territory
Established short lived positive relationships with
Many Native American Tribes.
The Other Expeditions
Zebulon Pike
 The
Mississippi Expedition
 In 1805 Zebulon Pike left St
Louis to discover the head
waters of the Mississippi River.
He mistakenly identified Cass
Lake as the source Lake
Itasca is correct
The Southern Expedition
Zebulon Pike
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In 1806 Pike again left St Louis with orders to
explore the southern part of the Louisiana
Purchase
He was to find the sources of the Arkansas and
Red Rivers
Pike and his men were captured for crossing into
Spanish Territory as spies and were released in
1807
Pike attempted to climb twice the mountain that
bares his name Pike’s Peak
Pike’s description of the Great Plains as a treeless
desert let to the mistaken belief that the region
was useless for farming slowing settlement for
multiple years
Zebulon Pike