Transcript CHAPTER 15

1803–1818
CHAPTER 10
DEFENDING AND EXPANDING THE
NEW NATION
CREATED EQUAL
JONES  WOOD  MAY  BORSTELMANN  RUIZ
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“All red men [must] unite in
claiming a common and equal right
in the land, as it was at first, and
should be yet; for it never was
divided, but belongs to all, for the
use of each.”
Tecumseh
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1803
1804
1806
1807
1808
1809
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
TIMELINE
British impressment of Americans
Jefferson reelected
Non-Importation Act
Embargo Act
James Madison elected President
Tecumseh’s confederacy established
Madison reelected
West Florida annexed
War declared against England
Battle of the Thames
Treaty of Ghent
Battle of Horseshoe Bend
Battle of New Orleans
James Monroe elected President
Second Bank of the United States chartered
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DEFENDING AND EXPANDING
THE NEW NATION Overview
 The British Menace
 The War of 1812
 The “Era of Good Feelings”?
 The Rise of the Cotton Plantation
Economy
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THE BRITISH MENACE
 The Embargo of 1807
 On the Brink of War
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The Embargo of 1807
 In response to continued British seizing of American
ships and impressment of American sailors
 1807: Chesapeake off of Virginia Coast
 Jefferson’s goal with the embargo was to force
England to respect American independence
 Unanticipated results were the promotion of
industrialization in U.S.
 States relied on locally produced items
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On the Brink of War
 1809: James Madison President
 Non-Intercourse Act eases ban on European goods
 1810: Macon’s Bill No. 2 positions America between
France and England
 Prophet Town and Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa, Shawnee
Indians
 In 1808 they establish Prophet Town, but in 1811 William
Harrison attacks it and burns it to the ground. Better guns helped
the whites in their victory.
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THE WAR OF 1812
 Pushing North
 Fighting on Many Fronts
 An Uncertain Victory
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The War of 1812
 June 1, 1812: President Madison sends
England American grievances
 British Navy’s seizure of Americans
 Blockade of American goods
 Indian conflicts supported by British
 June 18, 1812: Congress votes to declare
war on England
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Pushing North
 A 3-pronged attack on Canada
 Niagara, Detroit, Lake Champlain
 1812: British align with Indians (Tecumseh)
 Detroit and Fort Dearborn
 September, 1813: Perry victory at Lake Erie
 October, 1813: Harrison victory at Battle of the Thames
(Ontario)
 1814: English defeat Napolean freeing up troops for war in
U.S.
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The Northern Front,
War of 1812
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Fighting on Many Fronts
 March, 1814: Horseshoe Bend defeat of Red Tips and
the resulting Treaty gives U.S. 23 million acres of Creek
land
 August 24, 1814: the battle of Bladensburg, MD and the
burning of the Capitol and White House by the British
 Battle in Baltimore and the “Star Spangled Banner” by
Key
 January, 1815: The Battle of New Orleans, an
overwhelming victory for Jackson
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An Uncertain Victory
 Fall of 1814 (before the Battle at New
Orleans) Madison pursued a peace
settlement
 The Treaty of Ghent
 No new territory for either side, no
concessions from Britain, a draw
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THE “ERA OF
GOOD FEELINGS”?
 Praise and Respect for Veterans After
the War
 A Thriving Economy
 Transformations in the Workplace
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Praise and Respect for
Veterans After the War
 Veterans awarded a grant of 160-acre plot
between Illinois and Mississippi rivers
 Military heroes into political leaders
 Jackson, Harrison, Scott
 Indian veterans such as Major Ridge
accorded American respect
 Ridge advocated for Native Americans to retain
Native American lands
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A Thriving Economy
 Home manufacturing
 Internal migration: Going West
 New means of transportation
 Stagecoaches, wagons, boats, horseback
 1807: Fulton and the steamboat
 1810: Building of roads; Cumberland Road
 Business in West, the embargo, war
stimulated manufacturing growth
throughout the U.S.
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Transformations in the
Workplace
 Production work reorganized and crafts
now done by unskilled workers and
overseen by supervisor
 New England: mechanized textile
production
 Rhode Island: Lowell model
 The South: textile mills
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THE RISE OF THE COTTON
PLANTATION ECONOMY
 Regional Economies of the South
 Black Family Life and Labor
 Resistance to Slavery
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Regional Economies
of the South
 Shifts in production methods and the
depleted tobacco-growing soil lead to more
crafts production, cultivation of wheat and
corn
 South Carolina: Technical advances in rice
production and cotton cultivation
 Louisiana Territory: Cotton and New
Orleans sugar
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Black Family Life and Labor
 Increasing birth rate and strong family ties among the slaves
 Newcomers adopted as relations
 Large plantations had more 2-parent families than the smaller
farms
 The task system (rice plantations) and the gang system (cotton
plantations)
 Forms of labor:
 Work under white supervision
 Private work including tending gardens, working on living quarters
 Sale or clandestine exchanges of goods
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Resistance to Slavery
 Retaining African cultural traditions
 Artistic, dress, language
 Intentional careless work
 Theft of masters goods
 Running away
 Revolt
 1811: St. Charles and St. John the Baptist parishes in
Louisiana. (Charles Deslondes)
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Estimated Population of the
United States: 1790-1860
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