Transcript The Respiratory System

The Respiratory System
http://137.222.110.150/calnet/irish_cal/exotics/respiratory%20system.jpg
The system of the body that
deals with breathing
The body takes in the oxygen that
it needs and removes the carbon
dioxide that it doesn’t
The Oxygen Delivery System
• Main function - to supply the blood with
oxygen
• Does this through breathing
Breathing and Respiration
are NOT the same thing!
Breathing
Moving air in
and out of the
lungs
Respiration
Chemical reaction that
releases energy
Inhalation
• Breathing in
• Body gets oxygen from the air
• Rib muscles contract to pull ribs up and
out
• Diaphragm muscle contracts to pull down
the lungs
• Tissue expands to force (pull) in air.
Exhalation
•
•
•
•
•
Breathing out
Get rid of carbon dioxide
Rib muscles relax
Diaphragm muscle relaxes
Tissue returns to resting position and
forces (pushes) air out
Parts of the System
• Mouth
• Nose
• Trachea
– splits into bronchi
– bronchioles
• Lungs
– Bronchioles
– Alveoli
• Diaphragm
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio105/respirat.htm
Lungs
• Bronchial tubes
• Many smaller tubes
• Alveoli (alveolus) – surrounded by
capillaries
• Average adult's lungs contain about 600
million of these air-filled sacs
http://users.tpg.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html
Pathway of Oxygen
Body breathes in the air which is pulled
through the nose or mouth and down
through the trachea
http://webschoolsolutions.com/patts/systems/lungs.htm
Pathway of Oxygen
The trachea is a pipe shaped by rings of
cartilage.
It divides into two tubes called bronchi.
Bronchi carry air into each lung.
Pathway of Oxygen
Inside the lung, the tubes divide into smaller
and smaller tubes called bronchioles.
At the end of each of these tubes are small
air sacs called alveoli.
Capillaries, which are small blood vessels
with thin walls, are wrapped around these
alveoli.
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/
Pathway of Oxygen
Capillary walls are so thin and close to each
other that the air easily diffuses through.
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/
Pathway of Oxygen
Oxygen diffuses through the capillaries into
the bloodstream.
Carbon dioxide in the bloodstream, diffuses
through into the alveoli, and is then
removed from the body when we breathe
out.
Alveoli
• Tiny, thin-walled, grapelike clusters at
the end of each bronchiole
• Surrounded by capillaries
• Where carbon dioxide and oxygen
exchange take place
• Singular - alveolus
http://mhln.com
http://www.borg.com/~lubehawk/hrespsys.htm
http://users.tpg.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html
http://www.mtsinai.org/
The Diaphragm
The muscle that controls the breathing
process.
The Diaphragm
The diaphragm flattens to cause the chest to
expand and air is pulled into the lungs.
The Diaphragm
When the diaphragm relaxes, the chest
collapses and the air in the lungs is forced
out.
http://users.tpg.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html