Transcript 6 weeks review

6 weeks review
4th 6weeks
7. 6 B, C; 7.7 B; 7.12 B,E,F
7. 6 B
• Distinguish between physical and
chemical changes in the digestive system
• Physical- changes shape, size and
texture: Mechanical= chewing, pushing,
mixing (mouth, stomach)
• Chemical- changes molecules into
something new: acids, enzymes,
absorption ( mouth, stomach, intestines)
7. 6 C
• As carbohydrates are digested and broken
down by the body, they are converted into
glucose (blood sugar), which is then used
or stored as energy.
7.7 B
• Illustrate the transformation from chemical
energy to heat energy in digestion
• -the food you eat is chemical energy
• -your digestive system breaks the food down
into molecules that are the nutrients and energy
you need for survival
• -the chemical energy in your food is converted to
different chemical energy and thermal energy
• -the thermal energy is given off as heat
7.12 B Circulatory Function
• Heart- pumps blood
• Blood Vessels- elastic walls to transport blood to
and from heart and rest of body
– Arteries (away) thick
– Veins (to) thin
– Capillaries very thin where actual exchange of gases,
nutrients and waste occur
• Blood- RBC=Carries oxygen, WBC=fights
infection and Platelets =clot when cut to prevent
the loss of this vital fluid.
• Blood is pumped by the heart
simultaneously into two circuits: the
pulmonary and systemic circuits.
• The pulmonary system takes blood through
the lungs where gas exchange occurs
• The systemic system transports blood to all
parts of the body where exchange with
tissue fluid takes place.
• Blood pressure created by the pumping of
the heart forcing valves to open and close.
7.12 B Respiratory Function
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Mouth/nose/nostrils
Pharynx
Larynx
Epiglottis
Trachea
Bronchi
Aveoli
Capillaries
• Oxygen-laden air is inhaled into the alveoli of
the lungs.
• Blood within the pulmonary artery is oxygenpoor and contains a large concentration of
carbon dioxide.
• As blood passes through the capillaries
surrounding the alveoli, oxygen diffuses into
blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out of blood
into the alveoli.
• Carbon dioxide is exhaled by moving from the
alveoli to the nose.
• Blood within the pulmonary vein is oxygen-rich
since carbon-dioxide has been traded for
oxygen as blood passes through the lungs.
7.12 B Digestive Function
• Like a blender because both break down
food into smaller pieces.
• Mouth
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Small intestine
• Large intestine
• Within the digestive tract the food is
broken down to nutrient molecules small
enough to be absorbed by the villi of the
small intestine.
• Digestive enzymes are produced by the
digestive tract and by the pancreas.
• In addition the liver produces bile, an
emulsifier that plays a role in the digestion
of fats.
• Bile, which is stored in the gallbladder,
enters the small intestine along with the
pancreatic enzymes.
7.12 B Excretory Function
• Like a wastewater facility because both
filter out wastes from liquids
• Urine- end-products of metabolism and
excess salts and water.
• Kidney
• Ureters
• Bladder
• urethra
• As blood passes through the kidneys,
urine is made and excreted.
• Blood is first filtered and all small
molecules, including both nutrients
and wastes, enter a nephron.
• Then the nutrient molecules and
much of the salts and water are
reabsorbed back into the blood, while
unwanted substances remain within
the nephron to become a part of
urine.
7.12 B Integumentary Function
• Like the shrink wrap on a music CD
because they both provide protection of
internal materials
7.12 E
• Function s in a cell to functions in an
organism
• Provides support: cell wall- skeletal
system
• Waste storage and removal: lysosomeexcretory system
• Control center: nucleus- nervous system
7.12 F
• Cell theory to maintain life