Transcript Residual volume

Pathway: 1) Air enters the nostrils
2) passes through the pharynx,
3) through the glottis
4) into the trachea (aka windpipe)
5) into the right and left bronchi (connects trachea to lungs),
which branches and rebranches into
6) bronchioles, each of which 7) terminates in a cluster of alveoli.
Only in the alveoli does
actual gas exchange take
place. There are some
300 million alveoli in two
adult lungs. These provide
a surface area of some
160 m2 (almost equal to
the singles area of a
tennis court and 80 times
the area of our skin!).
It is here that oxygen
passes into the
bloodstream and CO2
passes from the
bloodstream via the
alveoli.
During inhalation the diaphragm (the muscle below
the ribcage) contracts and moves downward.
During exhalation the diaphragm relaxes and moves
upward.
Residual volume is the amount of air left in the lungs
after the most forceful exhalation a person can make.
Vital capacity is the amount of air that a person can
forcibly exhale after breathing in as much air as
possible.
Total lung capacity is the sum of vital capacity and
residual volume.
Oxidation is the process by which substances
combine with oxygen.
Combustion is a rapid form of oxidation that releases
heat and, in many cases, light.
A ___________ is the amount of heat
energy needed to raise the temperature
of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius.
The formula for cellular respiration is:
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O +
Energy
(Know the raw materials and products of this
process!)
The primary goal of cellular respiration
is to ________ __________ from
digested nutrients.
Hypothetical
Situation:
If we burned 2
samples of food and
heated a test tube
filled with water with
the heat from our
food, would the heat
energy released
indicate caloric
content of the food?
Could we also
determine which of
the 2 foods contained
more energy?
ALL ABOUT…
Cells that help protect the body against disease are
known as ____________________.
Cells that carry oxygen to body cells are ___________
________________.
The liquid part of the blood is __________.
____________ are solid substances that aid in the
clotting of blood.
Blood vessels that travel away from the
heart are called ______________.
Blood vessels that travel to the heart
are called ___________.
The exchange of nutrients and waste
products occur in the _____________,
the smallest blood vessels.
Circulation that occurs between the
heart and the body is called
________________.
Circulation that occurs between the
heart and the lungs is called
________________.
A _________ is the rhythmic expansion and contraction of an artery
caused by the rush of blood pushed from each heartbeat.
One’s pulse is felt at ___________ at the wrist, neck, and side of
forehead.
The pump on the right side of the body receives blood from the body
and circulates it to the lungs. This is called pulmonary circulation.
The pump on the left side receives blood from the lungs and pumps it
to the rest of the body. This is called systemic circulation.
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3)
4)
Know the direction of blood flow through the heart!
Be able to identify: left and right atria, left and right ventricles, septum,
vena cavas, aorta, pulmonary veins, pulmonary artery
Know which part of heart/arteries carry oxygen-rich blood and oxygenpoor blood.
What is the major artery on the heart? __________
Smoking, obesity,
and excess
cholesterol all
increase the risk
for heart attacks!
Good nutrition and
exercise lower the
risk for heart
disease!
Be prepared for a
lab test also!