Transcript Respiratory system notes

The
Respiratory
System
Respiratory
system:
• moves oxygen into
the body &
• removes carbon
dioxide produced
as wastes.
Respiration…
Chemical process
that uses oxygen
to release energy
from food.
Breathing…
process of
moving air into
& out of the
body.
Diaphragm…
large muscle at the base
of the lungs that contracts
& relaxes with the rib
muscles causing you inhale
& exhale.
Path of air to lungs…
Nose (mouth)
Pharynx Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchial tubes
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Nose
Mouth
Mucus…
traps dust &
bacteria…
moistens air to
keep nasal tissues
from drying out.
Cilia…
tiny hair like structures
that line the nasal cavities
& clean air by sweeping
mucus, dust & bacteria to
be swallowed & destroyed
by the stomach acid.
Pharynx…
area of the throat shared
with the digestive system
where air passes to lungs
from nose/ mouth.
Trachea…
tube lined with
cilia, mucus &
rings of cartilage
that keep it open
so air can pass to
the lungs.
...sealed shut when you
swallow by the
epiglottis
to keep food from
entering.
Larynx…
located at the top of
the trachea… “vocal
chords” vibrate as air
pass through to make
your voice.
Bronchus &
bronchial tubes…
tubes that branch
to move air from
the trachea into
each lung.
Alveoli…
tiny, hollow air sacs in the
lungs surrounded by blood
vessels for gases to move
in & out of the blood.
Gas exchange:
oxygen diffuses
through the wall of
the alveoli then
through the wall of
the capillaries to get
into the blood…
…at the same time,
carbon dioxide
diffuses from the
blood into the
alveoli to be
exhaled.
Asthma…
Inflammation or narrowing of
the airways that can cause
wheezing, shortness of
breath, chest tightening or
coughing.
Bronchitis…
The inflammation of the
airways of the lungs
producing a cough with
mucus production.
Pneumonia…
The inflammation of the
lungs where air sacs fill
with liquid or pus… caused
by bacteria, viruses or
chemical irritants.
Emphysema…
Damage the air sacs in the
lungs affecting their ability to
exchange gases and get
enough oxygen into the blood…
caused mainly by smoking.
Lung cancer…
Growth of tumor(s) in
the lung
tissue.