Transcript Integumentary system functions PP

Integumentary System
Functions
Skin color
Skin eruptions
Functions of the Integumentary
System
Protection
Sensory Perception
Regulation of Body Temperature
Storage
Absorbtion
Excretion
Protection
Functions of the Integumentary
System
Protection:
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Barrier for sun’s ultraviolet rays
Protection against invasion of pathogens or germs.
Holds moisture in and prevents deeper tissues from
drying out.
Sensory Perception:
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Nerves are present in skin
These nerves respond to pain, pressure, temperature
(heat and cold) and touch and send a sensory
message to the brain.
Functions of the Integumentary
System
Regulation of body temperature:
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Blood vessels in skin help body retain or lose heat.
Dilate: blood vessels get larger and allow excess heat
to escape through the skin.
Constrict: blood vessels get smaller and retain heat.
Sudoriferous glands also help cool the body through
the evaporation of perspiration.
Storage
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Skin has tissues for the temporary storage of fat,
glucose (sugar), water vitamins, and salts.
Stores adipose tissue in the subcutaneous fascia,
which is a source of energy for the body.
Functions of the Integumentary
System
Absorbtion
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Certain substances can be absorbed through
the skin, such as transdermal medications
(nicotine patches, motion sickness patches,
certain forms of the flu vaccine)
Excretion
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Helps the body eliminate salt, a small amount
of body waste and excess water. (done
through perspiration)
Functions of the Integumentary
System
Production
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The skin helps in the production of vitamin D
It uses ultraviolet rays from the sun to form an
initial molecule of vitamin D that is
manufactured in the liver.
Skin Color
Pigmentation
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Skin color is inherited and determined by
pigments in the epidermis.
Melanin:
1. Brownish-black pigment
2. Leads to a black, brown, or yellow skin tint
depending on racial origin.
3. Absorbs ultraviolet light to tan the skin
4. Small concentrated areas of melanin pigment form
freckles.
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Carotene:
1. Yellowish-red pigment
2. Also helps determine skin color.
Skin Color
Albino
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Absence of color pigments
Skin has a pinkish tint
Hair is pale yellow or white
Eyes are red in color and very sensitive to
light.
Skin Color: Abnormal Colors
Erythema
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Reddish color, caused by burns or a congestion of
blood in vessels.
Jaundice
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Yellowish discoloration
Can indicate the presence of bile in the blood as a
result of liver or gallbladder disease.
Also seen in certain diseases that involve the
destruction of red blood cells.
Cyanosis
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Bluish discoloration, caused by insufficient oxygen.
Associated with heart, lung and circulatory diseases.
Gray or Brown
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Chronic poisonings.
Skin Eruptions
Macules – flat spot on skin (freckles)
Papules – firm raised areas (pimples, chicken
pox, syphilis.)
Vesicles – blisters or sacs full of fluid (some
stages of chicken pox)
Pustules – Sacs filled with pus (pimples)
Crusts – dried pus and blood (scabs)
Wheals – itchy elevated areas with an irregular
shape (hives and insect bites)
Ulcer – deep loss of skin surface that may extend
into the dermis. May cause periodic bleeding and
formation of scars.