Transcript Human Body Systems

Human Body Systems
12 distinct systems
• The human body is one of the most
studied, but least understood
biochemical miracles in the universe.
Modern medical scientists tell us our
bodies are made up of 12 separate
systems that amazingly work together
to keep us alive. They can’t tell us
exactly how it all works to allow for
survival.
12 systems
•
•
•
•
•
•
Integumentary
Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
Cardiovascular/Circulatory
•
•
•
•
•
•
Lymphatic
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
Excretory
Reproductive
Integumentary
• The external covering of the body,
comprised of the skin, hair, nails,
sweat glands and their products
(sweat and mucus).
• Largest organ system.
Skeletal System
• consists of individual or
fused bones supported and
supplemented by ligaments,
tendons, muscles and
cartilage.
Muscular System
• The biological system of an organism
that allows it to move.
• The muscular system in humans is
controlled through the nervous
system, although some muscles
(such as the cardiac muscle) can be
completely autonomous.
Nervous System
• The body's information gatherer, storage
center and control system.
• Its overall function is to collect information
about the external conditions in relation to
the body's internal state, to analyze this
information, and to initiate appropriate
responses to satisfy certain needs.
• (Maintain Homeostasis)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Li5nMsXg1Lk
Endocrine System
• A control system of ductless glands that
secrete hormones that circulate within the
body via the bloodstream to affect cells
within specific organs.
• It regulates mood, growth & development,
tissue function, and metabolism.
• Typical endocrine glands are pituitary,
thyroid, and adrenal glands.
Major endocrine glands.
(Male left, female on the right.)
1. Pineal gland
2. Pituitary gland
3. Thyroid gland
4. Thymus
5. Adrenal gland
6. Pancreas
7. Ovary
8. Testis
Cardiovascular System
• an organ system that moves substances
to and from cells; it can also help stabilize
body temperature and pH (part of
homeostasis). Humans have a closed
circulatory system.
factoid:
• Your heart beats some 30
million times a year!
Lymphatic system
• A complex network of lymphoid organs,
nodes, ducts, tissues, capallaries and
vessels that produce and transport lymph
fluid from tissues to the circulatory system.
Two most important functions:
• Maintenance of fluid balance in the internal
environment.
• Immunity
Respiratory System
• Consists of the airways, 2 lungs, and
respiratory muscles that mediate the
movement of air in & out of the body.
• Within the alveolar system of the
lungs, O2 and CO2 are passively
exchanged, by diffusion, between the
gaseous environment and the blood.
Digestive System
• Coiled, muscular tube stretching from
mouth to the anus w/ several specialized
compartments: mouth, pharynx,
esophagus, stomach, sm. intestine, lg.
intestine & anus.
• Accessory digestive organs are
connected to the main system by a
series of ducts: salivary glands, parts of
the pancreas, liver & gall bladder
Urinary & Excretory Systems
• Made-up of kidneys, ureters, bladder, &
urethra. The body must rid itself of the
waste products of cellular activity, by
EXCRETION.
• The Urinary System excretes waste &
helps maintain Homeostasis by returning
the content of water & other substances in
the blood.
Reproductive System
• Two different systems for the
different sexes, male & female.
• Human reproduction employs
internal fertilization, and
depends on the integrated
action of hormones, the nervous
system, and the reproductive
system.
Male
Female
5 week fetus
Week 10 – week 16 - week 21 - week 23
Week 28 – week 31- full-term
We truly are the
Incredible Human Machine!