Transcript The Human Body

The Human Body
Levels of Organization
Cell-Tissue-Organ-Organ SystemOrganism
Tissues
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Epithelium - covers the body and lines
organs
Muscle - contractile and attaches to
bones
Connective - produces blood and
provides support
Nervous - transmits impulses
Skin
Integumentary System
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Maintain homeostasis
Protects tissues and organ
Regulates body temperature
Skeletal System
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Contains 206 bones
Support for tissues and organs
Protects
Makes blood cells
Stores calcium and phosphorus
Joints
place where two bones meet
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Immovable
ex. Skull
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Movable
ex. Shoulder
ball and socket
hinge joint
gliding
pivot
Muscular System
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Smooth are found in hollow organs
Involuntary muscles
ex. Stomach and blood
vessels
Skeletal
attached to bones
made of fiber
voluntary muscles
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Heart
found in the heart
called cardiac muscle
Smile it uses 17 facial
muscles
A frown uses more than 40
Digestive System
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Receives food and breaks it down to be
absorbed by body cells
Also eliminates undigested food
Endocrine System
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Controls all metabolic activity
All glands that secrete hormones
Nervous System
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Includes brain, spinal cord nerves and
sensory receptors cells called neurons
Gap between two neurons is called
synapse
Respiratory System
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Exchange gases between blood and air
Air passes into the blood through air
sacs called alveoli in the lungs
Oxygen used to break down glucose to
make ATP needed for metabolism
12 to 20 times/minute in Humans
Urinary System
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Creates metabolic waste during the
breakdown of amino acids and removes
them from blood
Maintains the balance of water and salt
in blood
Stores waste from urine
Transports urine out of the body
Reproductive System
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Makes gametes
Male
produces sperms
maintains sperms to transfer to
female
Female produces eggs
maintains eggs
receives and transport sperms cells
supports the development of the
fetus
Circulatory system
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Includes heart, blood vessels and blood
Blood carries oxygen from lungs
Heart pumps blood
Blood carries hormones, carbon dioxide
back to the lungs and waste to the
excretory system
Blood pressure
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Systolic Pressure
measures pressure when right and
left ventricles contract
Diastolic Pressure
lowest pressure in vessels just before the
two ventricles contract again
Blood pressure is used to evaluate artery
condition
Lymphatic System
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Known as immune system
Transport tissue fluid back into the blood
stream
Filters out and destroys disease causing
pathogens and other foreign substances
Acquired immunity involves
T cells (pass information to B cells)
B cells (produces antibodies)
Cells are called lymphocytes
Macrophages and neutrophils engulf
foreign substances that enter the body