Transcript Grade 5 Big Idea 14 Human Body 2014

Human Body Organs and Functions
2014
Mary Tweedy, Curriculum Support Specialist
Keisha Kidd, Curriculum Support Specialist
Dr. Millard Lightburn, Elementary Science Supervisor
Department of Mathematics and Science
Big Idea 14: Organization and Development of Living Organizations:
SC.5.L.14.1 Identify the organs in the human body and describe their
functions, including the skin, brain, heart, lungs, stomach, liver, intestines,
pancreas, muscles and skeleton, reproductive organs, kidneys, bladder, and
sensory organs.
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Department of Mathematics and Science
Human Body Anticipation Guide
Before
True or
False
What do you know about the organs in the human body and their
functions?
Read each statement and decide if it’s true or false.
1. Your skeleton gives your body support and structure.
2. Your liver makes bile to help break down food.
3. Muscles cover your bones but work separately to help you move.
4. Kidneys are a pair of filters that clean the blood.
5. Your heart pumps blood through vessels to some parts of the body.
6. The large intestine absorbs water from digested food and eliminates solid
waste.
7. Your lungs can not hold a lot of air.
8. Your brain is your body’s control center.
9. The skin has pores so sweat can not escape the body. It is filled with
sensory organs.
10. The pancreas produces digestive fluids and releases them into the small
intestine.
After
True or
False
What do you know about the organs in
the human body and their functions?
Let’s explore the Fun-damental, Building A Body
Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems
How do organs in the body form?
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What is the heart’s function?
Let’s sing Heart and Blood and find out
Sung to “The Ants Go Marching One by One”
The heart is pumping blood for us,
Hurrah, hurrah!
The heart’s a muscle, fabulous,
Hurrah, hurrah!
The heart is pumping blood for us,
It pumps all day without a fuss,
And the blood goes round
Because of our pumping heart!
The blood supplies us oxygen,
Hurrah, hurrah!
It’s what our body needs to run,
Hurrah, hurrah!
The blood supplies us oxygen,]
And that’s a need for everyone,
And the blood goes round
Because of our pumping heart!
Let’s watch Introducing the Human Heart
How does the heart work?
Explore: Hear Your Heart Inquiry
Directions: Work with a partner. Take turns listening to each other’s
heartbeats by putting one end of the tube on the left side of your
partner’s chest and placing your ear to the other end. Then count
the number of beats you hear while sitting for 10 sec. Record in
notebook.
Answer these ?’s in your notebook:
1. What does your partner’s heart sound like?
2. What activities might make your partner’s heart sound and
beat differently?
Try this. Have your partner run in place for 1 minute? Then count
the number of beats you hear while sitting now for 10 sec.
Record and compare. Switch.
3. What happened to you and your partner’s heart sound and
heart rate after exercising?
What happens? Play How Exercise and Emotions Affect Heart Rate
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How Does the Heart Sound?
Explain
A healthy heart makes a “lub dub” sound with each beat.
(http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/braingames/iknowthat/ScienceIllustrations/humanbody/science_desk.cfm)
 This sound comes from the valves shutting inside the
heart.
(http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/braingames/iknowthat/ScienceIllustrations/humanbody/science_desk.cfm)
How Does the Heart Work?
Now let’s make and read the AIMS foldable:
Pump Power.
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Explain: What does your heart do for your body?
 The heart is a muscle-powered pump moving blood
throughout the body.
 Blood leaves the left side of your heart and travels through
blood vessels called arteries, which gradually branch out
into smaller vessels called capillaries.
 Inside the capillaries in the lungs, an oxygen-carbon dioxide
exchange occurs and in the intestines, a nutrient-waste
exchange occurs.
 This oxygen-poor blood then travels in veins back to the
right side of your heart, and the whole process begins
again.
 Did you know it takes less than 60 seconds to pump blood
into every cell in your body.
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Feel the Pulse
Blood pumped from your heart travels through blood vessels. The largest
blood vessels are called arteries. When you take your pulse, you can feel
what happens when your heart pushes a jet of blood into the arteries.
1. Use your second and third fingers to take your pulse. Place your
fingers firmly up against your jaw to feel your neck pulse, or inside
your wrist near the base of your thumb.
2. Copy chart below in your notebook.
3. Take your pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 4 to see what your
heart rate is for one minute. Record.
4. Run in place or do jumping jacks for 1 min. Then repeat step 3.
5. Compare the data.
(http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/braingames/iknowthat/ScienceIllustrations/humanbody/science_desk.cfm)
Pulse Rate
for 15 Second
At Rest
After Exercising
Pulse Rate
for 1 Minute
A Look at the Lungs
Breathing
Breathe in!
Breathe out!
Breathe in!
Breathe out!
Wide awake,
Fast asleep,
Day and night,
You keep
All day
Air goes
In your lungs,
Out your nose.
Breathing in,
Breathing out.
You don’t even
Think about
Inhale!
Exhale!
Inhale!
Exhale!
Breathing in,
Breathing free.
Breathe
Involuntarily!
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When you play hard or exercise, your body needs more oxygen.
The extra oxygen helps your body turn food into energy.
How does your body get more oxygen?
How do we breathe?
Let’s watch The Respiratory System
What organ works with the heart to bring oxygen from the
air into your body?
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A Look at the Lungs Inquiry
Explore: What do our lungs do?
Since we can’t see our lungs, we will be working with a
partner to make a model of lungs to observe.
With your partner read and follow directions for
STUDENT EXPERIMENT 2
The Respiratory System: A Lung Likeness
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Explain
Let’s watch Lungs and Diaphragm
Now let’s look at our lung model
1. What part of the model represents the lung?
2. What part represents the chest cavity?
3. What part represents the diaphragm?
4. What happens when you push and pull on the
plastic?
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Evaluate: A Look at Lungs
1. What do you feel expand or get bigger when
you take a deep breath?
2. Where are your lungs located?
How do they work?
3. What part of your body is wrapped around
your lungs? What is the purpose?
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Extend/Elaborate
Let’s watch the Movie: The Respiratory System
http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/RSmovie.html
Make a foldable book: Inhale and Exhale Tale
Read and Discuss
1. Do you think your nose and lungs are related?
2. Does it make a difference if you breathe in through your mouth
or nose?
3. What are some benefits of breathing in through your nose?
4. When is breathing in through your nose helpful?
5. What are you wondering now?
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Skin
What covers my arms, legs, and chin?
Skin!
What protects each ankle and shin?
Skin!
What’s layered so it isn’t too thin?
Skin!
What helps keep my body parts in?
Skin!
What stretches whenever I grin?
Skin!
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What does our Skin do for us?
•
•
•
•
Protects your other organs and tissues.
Helps maintain a stable body temperature.
Water and wastes leave your skin in perspirations.
Structures such as hair and sensory organs are
contained in the skin.
What’s special about the skin when
compared to all other organs?
It’s the largest organ in your body.
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Sensory Organs Exploration
Just below the outer layer of the skin we have sense organs
that respond to pressure, pain, and temperature. There are
two types of temperature receptors:
• Hot receptors respond to things hotter than our skin.
• Cold receptors respond to things colder than our skin.
They are clustered together in hot spots and cold spots.
While a thermometer can tell us the exact temperature of
something. We can only compare the temperature of our skin.
Let’s try an experiment to see how skin responds to
temperature.
We’ll need 4 containers that a hand can fit inside in each with
one filled with warm water, one with cold and 2 with room
temperature water.
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Let’s follow these procedures to see how your skin
responds to two types of temperature: hot and cold.
 Arrange the containers of water in front of you from left to
right as follows: 1 warm, 2 room temperature, 1 cold.
 Place your left hand in the bowl of warm water and your
right hand in the bowl of cold water for 30 seconds.
 Remove your hands from the water and place both into the
room temperature water containers.
What do you notice?
What can you feel?
Can you explain what is happening?
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Explain
What’s happening:
Hot and cold are just a way of comparing what you are used
to, with what you are feeling. Your left hand was used to
warm water, so when you placed it into the bowl with water
at room temperature, it felt quite cold. On the other side,
your right hand was used to cold water, so when you placed
it into room-temperature water, it felt warm. Both hands
were in the same water, but since they were used to
different temperatures, one felt cold and the other felt
warm.
Extension:
Next time you’re at a swimming pool, try to explain how
warm or cold the air and water feel when you are dry and
when you are wet. Heat flows naturally from warm objects
and makes us feel warm or cold as a result.
Penny Drop
How your brain processes messages from the sensory organs?
Materials: 2 players 1 penny
Procedure: One player holds out his or her hand, with the palm
facing up. The other player will hold a penny above the 1st player’s
hand and drop the penny. The 1st player will try to move his/her hand
out of the way before penny hits it. Switch roles.
Experiment with dropping the penny from different heights.
Explain: Was it easier or harder to move your hand away when the
penny from a greater height? Why?
Elaborate: Let’s watch a video on the Central Nervous System to
learn more.
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Sensory Organs
Our body uses our sensory organs to recognize a change
outside or inside the body called a stimulus. Special cells in
the nervous system called neurons carry messages to and
from the brain and spinal cord.
Sensory neurons detect a stimulus. Then additional
neurons carry the message to the spinal cord and brain.
The brain interprets the information and decides on an
action. The message is carried back to the motor neurons.
They direct the muscles to carry out a response. All of this
happens in a fraction of a second. This is measured as
reaction time.
Let’s make and read a foldable: Brain at Work!
Digestion
Chomp, chomp! Chew, chew!
When you eat, what do you do?
Chomp, chomp! Chew, chew!
Till it’s time to swallow.
Sugar, starch, protein, fat,
Your body uses all of that.
Sugar, starch, protein, fat,
That your food provides!
Gulp, gulp! Swallow, swallow!
Down into the stomach hollow.
Gulp, gulp! Swallow, swallow!
There the food is stored.
That’s the process.
One last question:
What this process called?
Digestion!
Mix, mix! Churn, churn!
Juices mix as muscles turn.
Mix, mix! Churn, churn!
The food is breaking down!
Now let’s view:
The Digestive System
http://kidshealth.org/PageManager.jsp?lic=1&article_set=59
299&cat_id=20607
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Digestion
Let’s watch some videos to take a closer look at the roles
of the stomach, intestines, liver and pancreas organs:
• Upper Digestive System
• Small Intestine
• Pancreas, Liver, and Large Intestine
What is the role of each?
Now we can read A Day in Your Digestive System.
Elaborate: How long do you think your digestion system is?
Make a prediction in metric units and then try the
Measuring the Monstrous Digestion System activity.
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Bones
(Sung to “Home on the Range”)
Oh, give me some bones
That are sturdy as stones.
That connect from my head to my toes.
My bones help me out,
Help my body about,
They protect it wherever it goes!
The bones in my spine
Help me out,
Help my body about,
Bones protect me as I go along!
Chorus:
Bones, bones hard and strong,
All connected so nothing goes wrong.
My bones help me out,
Help my body about,
Bones protect me as I go along.
Chorus:
Bones, bones hard and strong,
All connected so nothing goes wrong.
My bones help me out,
Help my body about,
Bones protect me as I go along.
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Bones and Muscles
What do they do?
Bones
Muscles
• Support your body.
• Protect your vital
organs.
• Store minerals like
calcium.
• Produce red blood cells.
• Attach muscles.
• Come in different sizes
and shapes.
• Move your body.
• Make your heart beat
and pump blood through
out the body.
• Let you breathe, cough
and sneeze.
• Move food through your
digestive system.
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Let’s Explore Mighty Muscles
In this Exploration you will select an action the
human body can perform and watch as the
muscles involved perform that action.
1. What is the true of the way all muscles work?
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Why Are Muscles Important to the Body?
Without muscles, you couldn’t move. Muscles
have other functions besides movement. Muscle
is what causes your heart to beat so blood can
be pumped all through your body. Organs inside
your body sometimes need to move. Blood
vessels have to change their shape. These
movements are caused by muscles.
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What Are the Two Main Types of Muscles?
Muscles that you have to think about using are
called voluntary muscles. For example, your
brain sends signals to muscles in your legs
before you kick a soccer ball. How often do you
decide to make your heart beat? You can’t! Your
heart muscle beats without you thinking about
it. Muscles that work without you thinking
about them are called involuntary muscles.
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Concept Review: Muscular System
1. Why are muscles important to the body?
Answer: Muscles are important because the
provide movement for the body.
2. What are the two main types of muscles?
Answer: The two main types of muscles are
voluntary and involuntary.
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3. How are muscles different throughout the
body?
Answer: Different parts of the body have
different types of muscles. Some muscles are
attached to bones with tendons, and other
muscles are within organs and help them
function.
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The Human Body Game
Playing the Game:
1. Divide the class into 2 teams. Flip a coin to see who goes first.
2. The object of the game is to match the organ names with the poster
pictures. Teams take turns.
3. A correct match earns the team 1 point.
4. No coaching from the teams is allowed. If someone calls out the answer
from either team, 1 point is deducted.
5. The team with the most points wins.
Extra Challenge:
1. Have the team with the lowest score start the second round.
2. A team member points out an organ and states its function. The organ
label is turned over and if correct, the team receives two points. Then it’s
the other team’s turn.
Optional choice: http://quizlet.com/21351132/gr-5-human-body-organs-andfunctions-flash-cards/
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Post Human Body Anticipation Guide
Before
True or
False
After
True or
False
1. Your skeleton gives your body support and structure.
2. Your liver makes bile to help break down food.
3. Muscles cover your bones but work separately to help you move.
4. Kidneys are a pair of filters that clean the blood.
5. Your heart pumps blood through vessels to some parts of the body.
6. The large intestine absorbs water from digested food and eliminates solid
waste.
7. Your lungs can not hold a lot of air.
8. Your brain is your body’s control center.
9. The skin has pores so sweat can not escape the body. It is filled with
sensory organs.
10. The pancreas produces digestive fluids and releases them into the small
intestine.
Evaluate
Word Bank
brain
heart
lungs
muscles
pancreas sensory organs
1. Your _________________ tells your body what to do.
2. ________________ work with your bones to help you move.
3. Your ______________ pumps blood throughout your body.
4. ________________ react to a stimulus such as temperature.
5. ________________ produces enzymes necessary for digestion.
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Florida Achieves: SC.5.L.14.1
1) What is the purpose of the pancreas?
A. mixing blood and oxygen
B. removing excess fluids from the body
C. storing large quantities of blood, minerals
and vitamins
D. helping with digestion by secreting enzymes
to process sugars
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Florida Achieves: SC.5.L.14.1
2. What is the purpose of the small intestine in
the human body?
A.
B.
C.
D.
combines oxygen and blood
stores urine for later removal
removes water from waste matter
digests and absorbs nutrients from food
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Florida Achieves: SC.5.L.14.1
3. Which answer best describes the purpose of
the muscles in the human body?
A.
B.
C.
D.
to protect tissues and form blood
to remove and use nutrients from food
to produce movement and provide support
to combine blood and oxygen needed for
movement
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Florida Achieves: SC.5.L.14.1
4) Which part of the body protects organs,
provides support, and forms blood cells?
A.
B.
C.
D.
the brain
the heart
the liver
the skeleton
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More Body Organ Resources
Poems, Songs, Videos…
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
http://quizlet.com/21351132/gr-5-human-body-organs-and-functions-flash-cards/
http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/htbw_main_page.html
http://kidshealth.org/kid/closet/movies/how_the_body_works_interim.html
http://www.bbc.co.uk/northernireland/schools/4_11/tykids/index.shtml
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/podsmission/bones
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/9_10/keeping_healthy.shtml
Gr. 5 Pacing Guide Topic XVII Supplemental Resources including Discovery
Education
Grade 2 AIMS Life Science
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