Transcript File - Ms. D. Science CGPA

Introduction to the Human Body
Ms. De Los Rios
6h Grade
System Interactions 11.2
Essential Question:
How Does your Body Work?
How Do you Move?
Which Systems Move Materials in Your Body?
Which Systems Control Body Functions?
pgs. 410-417
Vocabulary 11.2
1. Skeleton/ skeletal system= all the bones in your body
2. Skeletal Muscle= attached to bones of skeleton and they provide the force
that moves your moves.
3. Joint= a place in your body where two bones join.
4. Nutrient= substance that you get from food and the body needs it in order
to perform its functions.
5. Absorption= nutrient molecules are absorbed through the wall of the
digestive system into the blood.
6. Gland= an organ that produces and releases chemicals either through
ducts or into the bloodstream.
7. Stimulus= change/signal from the env. That can make an organism react.
8. Response= an action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a
stimulus.
9. Hormone= chemical produced by an endocrine gland.
Body Organization
How do They Move? Pg.411
Muscles and bones work together to
make your body move. The nervous
system tells your muscles when to act.
The skeletal system, or skeleton,
includes all the bones in the body.
The muscular system is made up of
ALL the muscles in the body.
Fig. 1 System Interactions pg. 411
Muscles Moving Bones
Muscles and bones work together and make the body move.
muscles that are attached to the
bones of the skeleton are skeletal
muscles.
They provide the force that moves the
bones. Muscles can contract and
relax. When a muscle contracts, it
pulls on the bones to which it is
attached. A joint is a place where two
or more bones meet. Movement
occurs at joints by the action of
muscles on bones. The nervous
system controls when and how the
muscles act on bones.
System Interactions pg. 412
Bones and Joints
A joint is a place in the body where two bones
come together.
 Body bends at the JOINTS = a place
where 2 bones connect
i.e. elbow & shoulder move when raising
hand

Making Movement Happen– Muscles
makes the bones move @ joint.


Muscles work in pairs (to bending &
for straighting)
Nervous system controls when and
how the muscles act on your bones.
APPLY IT!!!
Which Systems Move Materials Within the Body?
Pg. 413
The respiratory, digestive, circulatory, and excretory systems play
key roles in moving materials within your body.
The circulatory system—heart, blood vessels, and blood—brings
essential materials to all cells of the body and carries away cell
wastes.
For example
brings= oxygen/ water
carries away= the waste carbon
dioxide /excess water
Fig. 2 System Interactions pg. 413
The Body’s Highway
The circulatory system
is like a set of
roadways that carries
materials to and from
cells. Use the word
bank to identify the
materials that move
between cells and the
blood.
Which Systems Move Materials Within the
Body? Pg. 414
The respiratory system
oxygen into the body
carbon dioxide.
Air that is inhaled
lungs (organ of the respiratory system)
oxygen from the air moves into the bloodstream.
The circulatory system delivers oxygen to all body
cells and carries back carbon dioxide to the lungs,
where it is eliminated when air is exhaled. Oxygen
is needed by the cells to release energy from sugar
molecules.
Breathing In, Breathing Out
You breathe
in and out more than 20,000 times in one day.
where
Fig. 3 System Interactions pg. 414
Something in the Air
About 21% of air is
oxygen gas. The rest
is mainly nitrogen gas
and small amounts of
other gases.
Which Systems Move Materials Within the Body?
Pg. 415
Getting Food
The digestive system
breaks down foods into
sugars and nutrients that
the body can use. It works
with the circulatory system
to get food to the cells.
The digestive system breaks down
foods into nutrients, substances
that the body needs to carry out its
functions, which then move into the
bloodstream through absorption.
The circulatory system delivers
these nutrients to all body cells.
System Interactions pg. 415
Moving Wastes
The excretory system eliminates
wastes from the body. The
respiratory, circulatory and
digestive systems all have roles in
the excretory system.
Which Systems Controls Body Functions?
The nervous system (NS) and the endocrine system (ES) work
together to control body functions.
Information gathered by the senses (in the form of a stimulus)
travels through nerves to the brain or spinal cord and produces a
response, often involving other body systems.
Glands of the ES produce hormones, chemicals released directly
into the bloodstream and transported throughout the body.
Hormones affect many body processes.
i.e.
exercising  glands send message ES ES signals to make
you sweat= sweat to cool down your body.
System Interactions pg. 416
Nervous System
The eyes, ears, skin, nose, and
taste buds send information about
the environment to the nervous
system.
Signal that makes you react=
stimulus
Response= how your body reacts
to the stimulus.
Fig. 4 System Interactions
Stimulus and Response
What is the correct order of the pictures to show stimulus and response?
System Interactions pg. 417
Endocrine System
The chemical signals released by the
endocrine system are called hormones.
Hormones are transported = Circulatory
System
Hormones affect your body process(how it
functions). It also affect your reproductive
system (male & female)
For example:
•how much water in bloodstream
• amount of sugar in the bloodstream
APPLY IT!!!