Transcript The Human body

By: Miss #
The Human Body Systems
 The
heart is like the president of the
organization.
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Some of the body's systems are directly
connected to the heart, while others are not.
Even if the heart is not directly involved in the
system, it still plays a part.
If the heart isn't working, nothing else is working
either.
The heart actively participates in the circulatory
system, while it just keeps an eye on the
respiratory and excretory systems.
•The Digestive System
•The Skeletal System
•The Circulatory System
•The Muscular System
•The Nervous System
•The Respiratory System
Nervous system
(brain, spinal cord, nerves)
Central Nervous
system
Brain
Peripheral
Nervous System
Spinal cord
Controls
behavior
Nerves
Serves internal
organs
Pathway to the
brain for the
five senses
Helps to respond
to the world
around you
The
Nervous
System:
• Controls all of the
activities of the body.
• The Brain
Main
Parts:
• The Nerves
• The Spinal Cord
• Senses
 Is
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made up of two organs:
the brain
the spinal cord.
 Controls
body.
EVERYTHING in the
 Controls
everything in the
body
 Is
made up of more than 10
billion nerves!
 The
brain is divided into
three parts and is protected
by the skull.
1.
2.
3.
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Medulla
 Largest
part of your brain.
 It controls thought, voluntary
movement, memory and
learning, and also processes
information from the senses.
 It
is below and to the back of
your cerebrum
 It controls balance and
muscular coordination.
 Connects
brain to spinal cord.
 It controls breathing,
heartbeat, and other vital
body processes.
 The
spinal cord is a long
bundle of white nerve matter
that is found in the middle of
the spinal column.
 It
connects the brain to the
body.
 Spinal
nerves carry messages
between the spinal cord and
body parts.
 The
vertebrae are many
bones that protect the nerves
in the spinal cord
 Carries
messages from the
Central Nervous System to the
rest of your body.
 The
Peripheral Nervous
System’s job is to connect the
Central Nervous System to the
rest of your body!
 Is
made up of the nerves and
sense organs.
Nerves
Sense Organs
 Dendrite:
 Axon
receives messages
terminal: sends
messages to the next
dendrite
 Synapse:
gap between
nerve cells
 Soma:
Cell Body
 The
sense organs carry
messages about the
environment to the Central
Nervous System.
 Most
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Common Sense Organs:
Eyes
Ears
Nose
Skin
Tongue
When you eat your food, do
you know where it goes? It
goes into your digestive
system. Your digestive
system is made up of your
mouth, pharynx, esophagus,
liver, stomach, small
intestines, large intestines,
appendix, rectum, and anus!
That is a lot of parts!
 Chew
your food well
and swallow slowly!
 Drink plenty of
water to help move
food through your
digestive system!
 It
takes 2 to 3 weeks to digest gum.
 Juices in the stomach break down the
proteins.
 Food stays in your stomach for 2 to 3 hours.
 Food goes down your esophagus and into
your stomach where juices break down the
proteins. Then it goes down your small
intestine to the large intestine and gets
removed by the digestive system.
Digests
the food we
eat
Takes
the nutrients
out of your food so
your body can use it
the
tube that connects
your mouth and your
stomach
A stretchy bag that
holds your food after
you eat
Helps to break food into
smaller pieces so your
body can use it for
energy and nutrition

Esophagus
Stomach
 Tube
long.
that is 20 feet
 Continues
food
 Food
to digest
stays in your
small intestine for 4
to 8 hours
Small
Intestine
 Tube
long
that is 5 feet
 Gets
waste from
small intestine
 Waste
stays for 10 to
12 hours
Large Intestine
 Storage
tank for bile
(a greenish-yellow
liquid) that helps
your body break
down and use fats
 Located
Gall
Bladder
liver
 Shaped
under your
like a pear
Factory
for
antibodies and
bile
Liver
Stores
vitamins
and sugars until
your body needs
them
Helps
you digest
food by breaking
down sugars
Pancreas
Eat
foods that are
high in fiber like
fruits and vegetables
Drink
plenty of
water
Chew
your food
completely before
you swallow
Avoid
fat
foods high in
The
excretory
system is the body
system that removes
excess water, H2O,
urea, carbon
dioxide, CO2, and
other wastes from
our blood, usually as
urine or sweat.
Kidneys
Liver
Urinary
Urethra
Ureter
Skin
Lungs
Bladder
Filters
waste and
excess water
from the blood.
Is about 10
centimeters long
Kidneys regulate
the amount of
water we need to
maintain in our
bodies.
Interesting Fact: Every drop of blood in your body is
filtered by your kidneys more than 300 times per day!
The
liver which
changes the
ammonia, a
poisonous product of
protein digestion,
into urine
The
ureter carries the
urine away from the
kidneys to the urinary
bladder
The Urinary bladder is a
sac that stores liquid
wastes removed from
the kidneys.
The urethra is the tube
that carries the urine
from the bladder to
outside the body
Filter
out
carbon dioxide,
CO2, from the
blood.

Excretes water, as sweat,
which contains some trace
chemical wastes, including
urea (urea=breakdown of
body protein).
Air is breathed in through
the nasal cavity and/or
mouth and down through
the throat (the pharynx).
The air passes down the
trachea (the windpipe),
through the left and right
bronchi, and into the
lungs. Oxygen in the
blood is delivered to body
cells.
The circulatory system performs many vital functions.
Your heart pumps blood and nutrients to tissues all
over the body. The circulatory system is also
important in the removal of wastes and in several
other body processes.
Carries
blood to
and from body
cells
Heart
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Blood
 The
heart is the main
organ of the circulatory
system.
 The
heart's primary
function is to pump
blood to all parts of the
body, bringing nutrients
and oxygen to the
tissues and removing
waste products.
Arteries
are blood
vessels that carry blood
away from the heart.
In the image below, the arteries are red.
Veins
are large blood
vessels that return
blood to the heart.
In the image below, the veins are blue.
Are
tiny blood vessels
that allow gases and
nutrients to pass from
blood cells.
http://www.geeo.org/tours/IndiaNepal/
Provides
Oxygen
Removes Carbon
Dioxide
The primary function of the respiratory
system is to supply the blood with oxygen in
order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all
parts of the body. The respiratory system does
this through breathing. When we breathe, we
inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. This
exchange of gases is how the respiratory
system gets oxygen to the blood.
Filter
out
carbon dioxide,
CO2, from the
blood.
The Muscular System is made up of 630 muscles.
Most muscles work
together in pairs. One
muscle pulls while the
other muscle relaxes.
When you bend your arm
the biceps muscle pulls
and the triceps muscle
relaxes. When you make
your arm straight, the
biceps muscle relaxes and
the triceps muscle pulls.
Muscles are very important. They help you do
almost everything — from pumping blood
throughout your body to lifting your heavy
backpack. You control some of your muscles
and others, like your heart, do their jobs
without you thinking about them at all.
 Muscles
are bundles of cells and fibers.
 Muscles work in a very simple way. All they
do is tighten up--that is, contract--and relax.
 You have two sets of muscles attached to
many of your bones which allow them to
move.
 There are 630 active muscles in your body
and they act in groups.
 Muscles can only pull. They never push.
 You
use 17 muscles when you smile.
 You use 43 muscles when you frown.
The skeletal system is
the system that supports
us and gives us our
shape.
•Two main structures form the
skeletal system: cartilage and
bone.
Cartilage is largely composed
of water and contains no
nerves or blood vessels.
Bones are hard on the
outside. Inside they are soft,
but strong. Red and white
blood cells are made inside the
bones.