Transcript Startup: Week 4 In the front of your NB

Startup: Week 4
In the front of your N.B.
 Review
 10
before the quiz…
risk factors for heart disease
 BP lab last week
 What is the function of the
respiratory system and the
structures involved?
Classroom Business!



This is week 4. No late work for all previous
assignments accepted after week 4.
Be here tomorrow and Wednesday to
analyze data!
5 week grades due next week:
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
Part 1: Typed lab report for Heart Rate and
Blood Pressure lab! Worth 50 points.
Part 2: 1st Notebook check! All warm-ups,
handouts, and stamps for assignments are worth
1 point ~ 30-60 HP possible!
Today’s Agenda
 Weekly
Quiz (Risk factors for Heart
Disease, BP Lab, and Respiration)
 Pass back last week quiz (37-1
Blood Flow)
 Make sure everyone has complete
data for their lab report.
Startup: How do I write a lab report?
Complete in the front of you NB
 Step 1: Pick up the “Blood Pressure
LAB GRADE Sheet” as you enter.
 Step 2: Copy the questions and
answer
 What
three sections are worth the
most points? What section has the
most parts to it? How many sections
are there total to the lab report?
Sample Data Table
Position
Heart Rate
(Avg BPM)
Systolic
(Avg
mmHg)
Diastolic
(Avg mmHg)
Sitting
60
120
80
Standing
65
140
90
58
110
60
120
180
110
Laying
Down
Running
(2 min)
Sample B.P. Graph
Pressure (mmHg)
Blood Pressure
200
150
Systolic (Avg mmHg)
100
Diastolic (Avg mmHg)
50
0
Sitting
Standing
Laying
Down
Position
Running
(2 min)
Sample Heart Rate Graph
Heart Rate (BPM)
Heart Rate (Avg BPM)
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Heart Rate (Avg BPM)
Sitting
Standing
Laying
Down
Position
Running
(2 min)
Startup: Ch. 37 Vocabulary
Do this SU in the BACK of your NB
Atrium
Ventricle
Pulmonary
Circulation
Systemic
Circulation
Valve
Aorta
Capillary
Vein
Hemoglobin
Platelet
Lymphocytes
Bronchus
Alveolus
Diaphragm
Trachea
Vocabulary for Lab Report
 Control
Groups
 Experimental Groups
 Stethoscope
 Sphygmomanometer
 Systolic
 Diastolic
Respiratory System
What does it do?
1. RS brings oxygen
into the body
2. Oxygenated blood
gets pumped by the
CS to cells of the body
3. O2 is exchanged for
CO2 at the cellular level
YEAH! I’M ALIVE!
5. CO2 is expelled by
the lungs
4. Deoxygenated blood is
transported back to the
lungs via the CS
Your Breathing
1. Have a partner count the number of
breaths you take in 15 seconds.
Multiply that number by 4 for the
number of breaths per minute.
2. Now, take a deep breath and hold it for
as long as you can. Have your partner
record your time.
Your Breathing
1. Why are there differences in breathing
rates among members of the class?
2. What factors might affect how long
you could hold your breath?
3. A child having a tantrum declares she
is going to hold her breath “until I turn
blue!” Do you think this is possible?
Function
• Brings oxygen
into the blood
and tissues
and carbon
dioxide out to
the air.
Nasal Passageway
• First structure of the respiratory system.
• Mucus moistens the air and traps dust.
• Cilia sweep dust so that it is swallowed or
spit out.
Structures
• Pharynx
– Passageway for air
and food
• Larynx
– Vocal cords
• Trachea
– Passageway for air
only
Structures
• Bronchi
– Passageway
from trachea to
lung
• Alveoli
– Air sacs in lungs
that are used for
gas exchange
Alveoli
There are 150
million
alveoli in
each healthy
lung!
Bronchiole
Capillary
Gas Exchange
• There are 150
million alveoli in
each healthy lung.
• Oxygen diffuses
from alveoli into
blood cells
• Carbon Dioxide
diffuses out of blood
cells and into avleoli
Lung Capacity
• What do you think Lung Capacity is?
• What factors do you think affect Lung
Capacity?
Lung Capacity
• Tidal Lung Capacity
– The amount of air moved in and out of your
lungs in one normal breath
• Vital Lung Capacity
– The amount of air exhaled after one DEEP
breath
• Experimental Value
– Actually measure how much air you exhale
• Calculated Value
– Calculate how much air you should be able to exhale
based on body surface area and age
Breathing
• The diaphragm is a muscle at the bottom of
the chest cavity that controls breathing.
• The diaphragm contracts when a person
inhales.
• When using force to blow out, other muscles
are used.
Let’s Review
• What is the first structure of the
Respiratory System? Nasal Passage
Alveoli are air sacs located in
• The _________
Lungs where gas exchange
the __________
occurs
Pharynx is a passageway for
• The _________
both food and air
• List the following structures in order:
– Bronchi, Larynx, Nasal Passage, Trachea,
Alveoli, Pharynx
Respiratory System
IV. Diseases of the RS
A. Asthma
1. Allergic reaction
2. Smooth muscles contract, narrowing the airways
3. Clogs the airways with mucus
B. Bronchitis
1. Excess mucus and inflammation of the
bronchioles
2. Caused by long-term exposure to irritants such as
cigarette smoke and air pollutants
Respiratory System
C. Cystic Fibrosis
1. Genetic defect that causes excessive mucus
production that clogs the airways; die from
drowning
D. Pneumonia
1. Inflammation of the lungs caused by
Streptococcus pneumoniae
E. Tuberculosis
1. Bacterial infection (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
of the lungs that causes the formation of hard
nodules and crusty dead spots in lungs
Respiratory System
V. Effects of Smoking
1. Nicotine constricts bronchioles, decreasing airflow
in lungs = bad
2. CO binds to hemoglobin reducing O2 carrying
capacity = bad
3. Irritants in smoke caused increased mucus
secretion and swelling of mucosal lining = bad
4. Irritants in smoke inhibit movement and eventually
destroy cilia in lining of RS = bad
5. Over time, the elastic fibers of the lungs are
destroyed causing collapse of small bronchioles
and the trapping of air in alveoli = bad
Respiratory System
Respiratory System
VI. Smoking-Related Diseases
A. Emphysema: Destruction of the walls of
the alveoli resulting in less surface for
gas exchange
Respiratory System
B. Chronic bronchitis: Excessive
secretion of bronchial mucus
Respiratory System
C. Lung Cancer: leading cause of cancer deaths in
US; most people die within a year of initial
diagnosis; 85% of cases are related to smoking
Respiratory System
DON’T SMOKE OR YOU COULD WIND
UP LIKE THESE GUYS!!!!!!!