Transcript Respiratory System PowerPoint

The Respiratory System
In this lesson, you will Learn About…
 The parts of the respiratory system.
 How the breathing process works.
 Illnesses that can damage the respiratory
system.
The Respiratory System
The Vocabulary terms in this lesson are:
 Respiratory system.
 Trachea.
 Bronchi.
 Diaphragm.
Oxygen for Life
Your body cannot survive without the
oxygen you take in every time you take a
breath.
The respiratory system is a set of organs
that supplies the body with oxygen and
rids the body of carbon dioxide.
Parts of the Respiratory System
Nose/Mouth
Epiglottis
Passages for
air; nose lined
with cilia (tiny
Flap of tissue in
back of mouth that
covers the trachea
to prevent food from
entering it
hairlike projections)
Bronchi
Trachea
Tube in throat that
takes air to and from
lungs. Also called
the windpipe
Lungs
Two large organs
that exchange
oxygen and carbon
dioxide
Two tubes that
branch from the
trachea; one tube
leads to each lung
Diaphragm
Large dome-shaped
muscle below the lungs
that expands and relaxes
to produce breathing
How Breathing Works
Breathing consists of three main stages:
1. When you inhale, you take air into your
lungs.
2. Inside the lungs, oxygen from the air enters
the bloodstream and replaces the carbon
dioxide that must leave your body.
3. When you exhale, you breathe out the carbon
dioxide.
The Breathing Process
1
3
The bronchi divide into
smaller passages called
bronchioles. Air passes
through the bronchioles
into the alveoli, which
are surrounded by
capillaries. Here the
oxygen in the air moves
into your bloodstream,
and carbon dioxide from
the blood enters the
alveoli.
Inhaling
Your diaphragm moves
down and your rib cage
expands, creating more
room in your chest. This
causes air to rush into
your body. The air enters
through the nose or
mouth, then moves past
the epiglottis and into
the trachea and bronchi.
2
Exhaling
Inside the Lungs
Bronchiole
Capillaries
Your diaphragm pushes
up, and your ribs move
in and down, forcing air Pulmonary
out of your lungs. The
vein
air, now containing
carbon dioxide, moves Pulmonary
artery
back through the
bronchioles and
Alveoli
bronchi, up the trachea,
and out through the
nose or mouth.
Problems of the Respiratory System
The following factors can easily damage
the many complex parts of the respiratory
system:

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Germs
Tobacco smoke
Inhaled chemicals
Environmental pollution
Problems of the Respiratory System
(cont’d.)
Disease
or Disorder
Description
Treatment
Cold/Flu
Diseases caused by
viruses; symptoms
include runny nose,
cough, fever, aches
Bed rest and
fluids; vaccines
can prevent some
types of flu
Pneumonia
Bacterial or viral
disease that affects the
lungs; symptoms
include fever, chest
pain, breathing
difficulty
Antibiotics for
bacterial type; bed
rest for viral type
Asthma
Disease in which
airways narrow;
symptoms include
wheezing, shortness of
breath, coughing
Medication to
relieve symptoms;
avoiding activities
or substances that
trigger attacks
Problems of the Respiratory System
(cont’d.)
Disease or
Disorder
Description
Treatment
Tuberculosis
Bacterial disease that
affects the lungs;
symptoms include
cough, fatigue; can be
fatal
Antibiotics
Emphysema
Disease in which alveoli
harden and
disintegrate; symptoms
include extreme
difficulty breathing;
almost entirely caused
by smoking
No known cure;
pure oxygen can
make breathing
easier
Lung Cancer
Uncontrolled growth
of cells that produce
abnormally in lungs;
often caused by smoking
Surgery, radiation,
and medication;
Survival rates are
very low
Caring for Your Respiratory System
Here are some simple tips to care for your
respiratory system:
 Do not smoke.
 Avoid people and situations that would expose
you to tobacco smoke in the air.
 Take care of your body when you have cold,
flu, or any other respiratory illness.
 When a person who has a cold sneezes, the discharge
is full of live viruses which can live for as long as 3
hours on surfaces & skin. You can inhale the viruses
without realizing it. So, if you touch the skin of a
person who has a cold or another surface that they
have touched, then the viruses can be transmitted to
your own nose if you touch your face.
 http://tinyurl.com/497erf
 http://tinyurl.com/n6n4lh6
Reviewing Terms and Facts
respiratory system is a set of
1. The _______________
organs that supplies your body with
oxygen and rids your body of carbon
dioxide.
Reviewing Terms and Facts
2. List the parts of the respiratory system
through which air passes when you
inhale.
 Nose/Mouth
 Trachea
 Bronchi
 Lungs
Thinking Critically
3. How do cilia and the epiglottis protect
the respiratory system?
Cilia trap dirt and particles from the air and
prevent them from entering the respiratory
system. The epiglottis covers the trachea to
prevent food from entering it.
Vocabulary Review
The respiratory system is a set of organs
that supplies the body with oxygen and
rids the body of carbon dioxide.
Vocabulary Review
The trachea is a tube in the throat that
takes air to and from lungs.
Vocabulary Review
The bronchi are two tubes that branch from
the trachea; one tube leads to each lung.
Vocabulary Review
The diaphragm is a large dome-shaped
muscle below the lungs that expands and
relaxes to produce breathing.