Transcript Starter – 12C - Macmillan Academy

Terminology
Define the following terms
• Immune response
• Antigen
• Antibody
• Label the variable region, heavy chain
and light chain on the antibody given.
• How are the polypeptide chains held
together in an antibody?
• Which part of the antibody binds to the
antigen?
Learning objectives
• Define the terms immune response,
antigen and antibody
• Describe the structure of antibodies
• Outline the mode of action of
antibodies
• Describe the structure and mode of
action of phagocytes
Light
chain
Variable
region
Heavy
chain
Describe the structure of
an antibody
•4 polypeptide chains
•2 or more antigen
binding sites
Antibody action
1. Neutralisation – combine with viruses
to stop them entering cells OR
combine with toxins making them
harmless
2. Agglutination – joining to more than
one bacteria to clump them, this
immobilises them.
How does agglutination make
phagocytosis more efficient?
Phagocytes - use page 175 to
complete
Name
lifespan
found
Mode of
action
Phagocytes
Name
Neutrophil
lifespan
Short
Macrophage longer
found
Mode of action
In blood 60% of
WBC’s
Leave blood and
patrol where
invaders may be
found
Take in and destroy
bacteria, then die
Blood (monocytes)
Large number in
liver (Kupffer cels)
Line lymph nodes
Inside alveolar walls
Take in and destroy
bacteria, then
display some of the
parts in their
membrane
Called “antigenpresenting cells”
Learning objectives
• Define the terms immune response,
antigen and antibody
• Describe the structure of antibodies
• Outline the mode of action of
antibodies
• Describe the structure and mode of
action of phagocytes
Plenary - test
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Complete test from objectives
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