Transcript Cardiovascular System

Cardiovascular System
The body’s transport system.
Cardiovascular System
3 main parts:
heart
blood vessels
blood
1. The HEART
The pump that moves the blood through the body.
brings O2 and food to cells
removes cell wastes and CO2 from cells
1. The HEART
Valves stop blood from flowing backwards.
1. The HEART
Path of blood flow:
Cells of the Body
↓
Right side of Heart
↓
Lungs
↓
Left side of the heart
↓
Cells of the Body
2. The blood vessels
Artery
– carries blood away from the heart
RBCs carry O2
Vein
– carries blood to the heart from the cells
RBCs carry CO2
Capillary
– connects arteries to veins
– microscopic
– where CO2 and O2 are exchanged
3. The blood
Has several things in it:
3. The blood
A. Plasma
Liquid part of the blood
95% water
Has dissolved food and body
chemicals
Blood cells float in the plasma
3. The blood
B. Red blood cells (RBCs)
Contains hemoglobin which
holds onto the O2 or CO2
3. The blood
C. White blood cells (WBCs)
Seek and destroy invading
organisms (bacteria) and
particles (viruses) that could
cause disease.
3. The blood
D. Platelets
Cell pieces that help blood
clot and thus stop bleeding.
3. The blood
E. Antibodies
Chemicals that help WBCs
identify foreign invaders
3½. Blood types
A, AB, B, and O
4 Basic Blood Types
Blood types are determined by what
chemical (called an antigen) on the
surface of the RBC.
•
•
•
•
A = Has A antigen
B = Has B antigen
AB = Has A and B antigens
O = has neither antigen
TO MIX or NOT MIX
Body makes antibodies against antigens
that are not on its own RBCs
Type A, antibody B
can receive A, O
Type B, antibody A
can receive B, O
Type AB, no antibodies
can receive A, B, AB, O: universal recipient
Type O, antibody A & B
can receive O; universal donor
DISEASES
Cardiovascular diseases (“heart disease”) kill
more Americans than any other disease.
Data is for the U.S. in 2007
Number of deaths for leading causes of death
Heart disease: 616,067
Cancer: 562,875
Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases): 135,952
Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 127,924
Accidents (unintentional injuries): 123,706
Alzheimer's disease: 74,632
Diabetes: 71,382
Flu and Pneumonia: 52,717
Kidney disease: 46,448
Septicemia: 34,828
Cause
1. Diseases of the heart
Percent of Total
28.5
2. Malignant tumors
22.8
3. Cerebrovascular diseases
6.7
4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
5.1
5. Accidents (unintentional injuries)
4.4
6. Diabetes mellitus
3.0
7. Influenza and pneumonia
2.7
8. Alzheimer's disease
2.4
9. Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and
nephrosis
1.7
10. Septicemia (blood poisoning)
1.4
11. Suicide
1.3
12. Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis
1.1
13. Primary hypertension and
hypertensive renal disease
0.8
14. Parkinson's disease (tied)
0.7
15. Homicide (tied)
0.7
DISEASES
Cardiovascular diseases (“heart disease”) kill
more Americans than any other disease.
The major cause of heart diseases is
Atherosclerosis“hardening of the arteries”
when fatty deposits build up
inside of blood vessels and block blood flow
The big CVS killers, tied to atherosclerosis, are:
1. Heart attackan artery to the heart is blocked
and cardiac muscle dies.
2. Strokea vessel in the brain is blocked or breaks open.
3. High Blood Pressure (hypertension)causes kidney or heart damage.
Other killers are:
4. Leukemiaa cancer that stops RBC and WBC production
5. Hemophiliaa person can’t form blood clots
(and can bleed to death easily)