Transcript Chapter 5
Just for fun … Premature Babies Babies are considered premature if they are born ______ weeks or more before the end of a full 38week pregnancy or if the weigh less than _______ pounds. Distinguish between preterm and small-for-date babies. Of the two types of babies (preterm/small-for-date) infants usually have more serious problems. Newborn Reflexes 1) A reflex is a(n) (learned / inborn) response to a particular form of stimulation. 2) Match each reflex with the appropriate response or function descriptor. _____ Spontaneous grasp of adult’s finger A. palmar grasp _____ Helps infant find the nipple B. stepping _____ Prepares infant for voluntary walking C. rooting _____ Permits feeding D. sucking _____ In our evolutionary past, may have E. moro helped infant cling to mother 3) When do most newborn reflexes disappear? Newborn States of Arousal Match each state of arousal with its characteristics. _____ Regular sleep _____ Irregular sleep _____ Drowsiness _____ Quiet alertness _____ Waking activity and crying A. B. C. D. E. Inactive body, open and attentive eyes, even breathing Bursts of uncoordinated body activity, irregular breathing Eyes open and close, glazed when open; even breathing Minimal body activity, no eye movements, even breathing Gentle limb and rapid eye movements, irregular breathing Newborn Senses • True or False: Infants are born with a poorly developed sense of touch, and consequently, they are not sensitive to pain. • True or False: Infants not only have taste preferences, but they are also capable of communicating these preferences to adults through facial expressions. • True or False: Newborn infants are attracted to the scent of a lactating woman, but they are unable to discriminate the smell of their own mother’s breast from that of an unfamiliar lactating woman. • True or False: Infants prefer pure tones to complex sounds. • Vision is the (most/least) mature of the newborn baby’s The Baby Human – To Talk How do all of the domains – physical, cognitive, and social and emotional – contribute to learning to talk? Research methods used with infants and toddlers. Early learning examples: classical conditioning, operant conditioning, habituation, and imitation. The Baby Human Classical Conditioning Ba to Da The Baby Human Operant Conditioning • Pheonix and mom • The Robot The Baby Human Habituation Pointing The Baby Human Imitation Ella Emma The Baby Human – To Talk T/F Language learning begins once the baby is born. What is meant by universal linguistic listener and culture bound language specialist? T/F Learning to speak is merely a matter of being exposed to a language rich environment. What is the standard progression of speech during the first two years of life? What is meant by motherese/fatherese/parentese? What’s going on in this comic? Baby Blues Chapter 4 – Physical Development in Infancy & Toddlerhood • • • • • • Body Growth Brain Development Influences on Early Physical Growth Learning Capacities Motor Development Perceptual Development Quiz 5 1. During Piaget’s _________________ stage, which spans the first 2 years of life, infants and toddlers “think” with their eyes, ears and hands. 2. Vygotsky believed that complex mental activities have their origin in A) B) C) D) sensorimotor behavior. perception, attention, and memory. social interaction. developmental quotients. 3. (Recall/recognition) memory is noticing when a stimulus is identical or similar to one previously experienced. (Recall/recognition) memory involves remembering something not present. 4. True or False: Scores on infant intelligence tests are excellent predictors of intelligence beyond early childhood. 5. What is telegraphic speech? Provide an example. Quiz 4 1. At birth, the _________ is nearer its adult size than any other physical structure, and it continues to develop at an (astounding/slow) pace throughout infancy and toddlerhood. 1. At birth, the _________ is nearer its adult size than any other physical structure, and it continues to develop at an (astounding/slow) pace throughout infancy and toddlerhood. 1. At birth, the _________ is nearer its adult size than any other physical structure, and it continues to develop at an (astounding/slow) pace throughout infancy and toddlerhood.