Transcript HB Operate Conditioning-3

Pavlov-Classical/Operant
Conditioning
BehaviorismSchool of thought in psychology that based on
the thought that learning occurs through
interaction with the environment.
Learning Perspectives
Classical conditioning-Pavlov’s
-Operant conditioning and Cognitive
Social Learning- B.F. Skinner
Classical Conditioning
A learning process that occurs through
associations between an environmental stimulus
and a naturally occurring stimulus.
Pavlov experiment with the dogs, food, ringing bell
and salivation.
Video:
http://www.learn360.com/ShowVideo.aspx?SearchText=classical+condition
ing&lid=17009964&ID=143260&player=13
Reflexes – hardwired into brain
Unconditioned stimulus
Unconditioned Response –
– natural and automatic
response.
natural and automatic response to
the unconditioned stimulus
A situation that produces
a response without prior
learning.
Unlearned and automatically
associated with the unconditioned
stimulus.
Examples –
Examples–
you get goose bumps or shiver
Your stomach growls
You salivate
You are cold
You are Hungry
Smell your favorite food
Conditioned
Stimulus & Response
Conditioned Stimulus –
Conditioned Response -
For example – class bell
For example – you know
class is over when the bell
rings.
a previously neutral situation
that causes the conditioned
response after being
associated with the
unconditioned situation
(CS).
learned behavior to a
conditioned stimulus that
occurs after a relationship
has been created between
CS and US (CR).
Classical Conditioning-
Classical Conditioning-
Classical Conditioning in
the Real World
In reality, people do not respond exactly like Pavlov's
dogs. Many dog trainers use classical conditioning
techniques to help people train their pets.
Treatment of phobias or anxiety problems.
Teachers are able to apply classical conditioning in
the class by creating a positive classroom
environment to help students overcome anxiety or
fear. (Safe Environment when speaking in public)
Operant Conditioning
B.F. Skinner – consequence changes behavior
Changing of behavior by the use of reinforcement
which is given after the desired response.
Reinforcements and punishments
Studied rats, food and electrical shock.
Video:
http://www.learn360.com/ShowVideo.aspx?SearchText=operant+conditioning&li
d=17009964&ID=143259&player=13
Operant Conditioning-
Operant Conditioning-
Reinforcement & Punishment
Reinforcement –
a consequence that
increases the likelihood
of a behavior occurring.
Examples• You’ve Been Caught Card
• Paycheck
• Bonus
• Hug
• Good grade
• Compliment
Punishment –
a consequence that
decreases the likelihood of
a behavior occurring.
Examples• Grounded
• Get a referral
• Suspended
• Yelled at
• Fired
Sheldon & Penny