Transcript Treatments of Anxiety Disorders

Treatments of Disorders
– Psychotherapies
• Psychoanalysis
• Humanistic
• Behavioral
– Sci Amer Frontiers Video
-- Systematic desensitization for
arachnophobia
– Operant conditioning – e.g., treatment of autism, behavior
modification
• Cognitive
– Beck’s approaches to altering “dark glasses”
• Group and family
• What do psychotherapies offer to demoralized people?
– Hope, a fresh perspective, empathy….
– What else?
Biological Treatments
Drug therapy
 Pharmacotherapy &
Natural therapy
(e.g., herbs)
 Benefits?
 Drawbacks?
Dishes piling up
in the sink?
Zoloft
Biological Treatments
 Exercise
(my master’s thesis)
ECT
• History
• Current uses
• Efficacy &
side effects
Other brain interventions
• Psychosurgery
• Deep brain stimulation
– areas (e.g., Area 25) associated with
depression may be overactive in
certain people. Sending electrical
impulses to these areas may "reset"
them to normal functioning
• Neurofeedback
• Transcranial magnetic stimulation
– magnet placed above right or left
eyebrow to stimulate right or left
prefrontal cortex
Treatment Effectiveness
• Treatment illusions
– natural improvement
– nonspecific treatment effects
placebo effects
– reconstructive memory
misremembering symptom severity
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Treatment Studies
• Outcome studies
– evaluate whether a particular treatment works
– treatment and control conditions
– Empirically validated therapies (Segment 41 of Psychology: The
Human Experience)
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Therapy’s effectiveness
• Either psychotherapy
or medication appear to
be more effective than
placebo
• Some research (on
social phobia) shows
that effective
psychotherapy or
medication affect the
same brain areas
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14.4 Which Treatments Work
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14.4 Which Treatments Work
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Dangers of Treatment
• Some treatments cause unintended harm
• Side effects, potential drug interactions,
dependence, complications
• Iatrogenic illness
• Client in therapy is vulnerable
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Ethics in treatment
• Set of ethical standards
– strive to benefit client and do no harm
– establish relationship of trust
– promote accuracy, honesty, & truthfulness
– seek fairness in treatment and take precaution to avoid
bias
– respect dignity and worth of all people
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