Transcript Mitosis & Cancer

Mitosis & Cancer
What is Cancer?
 Mutated cells that are not longer under control
Cancer Cells
 Grow uncontrollably
 Multiply more rapidly than normal cells
 Are not able to specialize
Metastasis
 Cancer cells that has spread from the part of the
body where it started (the primary site) to other
parts of the body.
 Metastasized
 Metastatic cancer
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Cancer cells break away from tumor
Travel to another part of body via bloodstream or lymphatic
system (a collection of vessels that carry fluid and immune system cells).
 Cancers are named after the part of the body they
start.
 For example:
 Cancer that starts in the lungs but spreads to the bone is called
lung cancer with bone metastases.
Benign vs. Malignant
Benign
Malignant
 Non-cancerous
 Cancerous
 Stay in one place in the
 Able to metastases
body
 Not usually life
threatening
 Could be life
threatening
 Early symptoms
include swelling of
nearby lymph tissue
CANCER IMAGES
CAUTION: SOME IMAGES MAY BE
DISTURBING TO SOME VIEWERS!!!!
Skin Cancer
 ABCD’s of skin cancer
Brain Cancer
Oral Cancer
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Canadian Statistics
 The following statistics and graphs are from the
Canadian Cancer Society (2011)
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Figure 1.1 New Cases & Deaths – Males
Figure 1.2 New Cases & Deaths – Females
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From: www.cancer.ca
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Treatments
 Primary Treatments
 Chemotherapy
 Radiation therapy
 These 2 methods may be used separately or in
combination with one another
Chemotherapy
 Use of drugs
 Often a combination of drugs used
How it works?
 Slows or stops the cancer cells from :
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Growing
Multiplying
Spreading to other parts of the body
Radiation Therapy
 Use of a certain type of energy (radiation)
 From x-rays, gamma rays, electrons and other sources
How it works?
 Damages the DNA in the cancer cells
 Makes it impossbile for cells to grow and divide
Drawbacks for Treatments
 Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are:
 Powerful treatments that affect the whole body
 Healthy cells can also be damaged
BUT…
 Damage is usually temporary
 Healthy cells will repair themselves