Transcript Spanish Conquistadors and pre

Spanish Conquistadors and preColumbian civilizations
By Matt O’Halloran and Zach
Abruzzese
Columbus and Conquistadors
VS.
The Aztecs,
Mayas, and Incas
• 5.2 Identify the three major pre-Columbian civilizations
that existed in Central and South America (Maya, Aztec,
and Inca) and their locations. Describe their political
structures, religious practices, and use of slaves.
• 5.4 Explain why the Aztec and Inca civilizations declined
in the 16th century.
• A. the encounters between Cortez and Montezuma
• B. the encounters between Pizarro and the Incas
• C. the goals of the Spanish conquistadors
• D. the effects of European diseases, particularly
smallpox, throughout the Western hemisphere
Aztecs
• Aztecs were polytheistic which means they believe in many gods.
• They lived in central Mexico, the valley of Mexico which is home to
Tenochtitlan their capital.
• Tenochtitlan was built in the middle of a lake on a series of islands.
• They bullied other tribes into giving them money and people for
human sacrifice and slavery.
• They were brought down by small pox.
group3pas.wiki
spaces.com
Mayas
• Lived on Mexico coast on the Yucatan Peninsula
• They had many major cities which made it hard for them to be
invaded.
• They had slaves, who could earn freedom
• They were also polytheistic.
Conquistadors
adishakti.org
Incas
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They lived in South America, mainly on the Andes Mts. in Peru.
The capital was Cuzco.
They were also polytheistic.
No written language but had a spoken language.
Practiced animal sacrifice and at special occasions human sacrifice.
(children)
• They were fighting a civil war when Francisco Pizarro came so they
were conquered easily.
wilson2011.wikispaces.com
Hernan Cortez
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Was a special Spanish explorer and conquistador
Conquistadors are Spanish explorers and conquered and claimed land for Spain.
He had 500 men and 16 horses to conquer the Aztecs
The Aztecs and their leader Montezuma welcomed Cortez ( thinking he was
Quetzacoatl who was their god and was supposed to return on the exact day that
Cortez came).
Tenochtitlan is an unusual city because it was built in the middle of a lake on a series
of islands.
Cortez took Montezuma hostage and killed him in a later fight.
The Spanish were driven away but came back in 1521 with reinforcements and
conquered the Aztecs capital, Tenochtitlan, therefore driving out the Aztecs.
They created their own city called Mexico City which today is the capital of Mexico.
historyfiles.co.uk
Francisco Pizarro
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He was a Spanish explorer and conquistador.
He heard of gold near the Inca Empire.
He traveled with 180 men and 27 horses in Peru to conquer the Inca civilization.
The Inca civilization was huge and contained twenty million people.
Incas were easily taken over because they were in a civil war at the time.
The Incas were very powerful and had an organized government with paved roads and bridges.
Atahualpa, the Inca emperor, was kidnapped and held for ransom, after the payment was made
he was executed.
The Incas did not value gold and silver as much as the Spanish.
awakenyourcareerpreneur.com
Closing
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How did the Spanish explorers and conquistadors change Central and
South America forever? (Where do we see the lasting effect of these
conquistadors even in 2011?)
Because of the conquistadors, most of Central and South America speaks
Spanish.
Today in the same parts most people are Christian and no longer worship
the native gods.
A lot of Aztec, Maya, and Inca culture and traditions have disappeared
forever.
Good-Bye I
hope you
learned a
lot