Transcript The Civil War

STRATEGY FOR WINNING
1) Wear down the North
2) The South doesn’t have to
win, they just don’t have to
lose!
CONFEDERATE
ADVANTAGES
HOMEFIELD
ADVANTAGE
2) Better Troops &
Generals
Cool
Beard O’
Meter:
10!!!
3) They are fighting
for a cause: their
independence
DISADVANTAGES
1)
2)
3)
4)
few factories
very little railroads
weak central government
small population for troops
The Civil War
The Early Years
1861 - 1862
BATTLE OF BULL RUN
• July 21, 1861
• First battle of the
Civil War
• Union loses
– Union soldiers
retreat and run
through a crowd
of spectators!
Good ‘Ol Wilmer McLean
• McLean’s house
in Manassas,
Virginia, where
the first Battle of
Bull Run
occurred on his
front lawn!
• McLean’s house
in Appomattox
Courthouse,
Virginia where
General Lee
surrendered to
General Grant
McLean can say
that the Civil
War began in his
front yard and
ended in his
parlor!
BATTLE OF SHILOH, April 6-7, 1862
• Large battle over Miss.
River
• Union victory allows
for them to control
northern half of
Mississippi River
BATTLE OF THE HAMPTON
ROADS, VA, March 1862
• Union starts naval
blockade of Virginia.
• Ironclad ships are
used by both sides
• USS Monitor vs. CSS
Merrimack
Monitor claimed
victory but both
survived this battle.
U.S.S. Monitor
• “Tin can on a raft”
• Built to combat
Confederate ironclads
and protect Union fleet
• Sank with 16 men
onboard in Dec. 1862
• 1973: wreckage found
• 2003: 2 bodies recovered
C.S.S. Merrimack (Virginia)
• Built from a sunken US
ship the USS
Merrimack by placing
iron slabs on the boat.
• Sank several Union
ships off Virginia coast.
• The crew destroyed it
so it wouldn’t be
captured by the Union
Navy in May 1862
BATTLE OF ANTIETAM, 9/17/1862
BACKGROUND
• Lee’s Army of
Northern Virginia has
invaded Maryland
• Wishes to push the
Union back and gain
supplies from
Maryland
• McClellan finds Lee’s
plans but doesn’t act
fast enough!
• Fighting took place in
and around
Sharpsburg, Maryland.
• Troop Totals:
– Union: 87,000
– Confederacy: 45, 000
• After fighting all day,
Lee’s troops retreat
into Virginia.
• Technically a Union
win.
TIMELINE OF
EARLY BATTLES 1861- 1862
Apr 1861
Feb. 1862
Sept. 1862
Battle of
Fort Sumter
Battle of
Shiloh
Battle of
Antietam
July 1861
Mar. 1862
Battle of
Bull Run
Battle of the
Monitor &
Merrimack
SUMMARY OF THE CIVIL WAR 1861-1862
•Union is losing key battles in the east
•Abraham Lincoln is very unpopular in the Union.
•The Confederacy is winning the Civil War.
•Battle of Antietam gives Lincoln a chance to “rally the
troops”.
Antietam “Fun Facts!”
•The Union claims
victory though
neither side really
won.
•Northern
newspapers use
this battle to
show the Union’s
strength
•Lee will once
again invade the
Union in 1863.
•Lincoln fires
McClellan
as leader
•Bloodiest
day in
of the
Army
of the
the
history
of the
Potomac.
United States.
•President
Lincoln
•Over 23,000
usescausalities.
this battle to
rally the
•3,600 soldiers
died
northerners
to
fromthe
thewar.
battle.
support
•That
is the
•He will
issue
a highest
single that
day will
death
Cool
statement
total in American
Beard O’ significantly
alter
history.of the
Meter: the course
10!!!
Civil•#2:
War.September 11,
2001
The Emancipation Proclamation
• YOUR JOB:
– What did it state?
– What did it do to the
Union’s war goals
– How would these people
react to it:
•
•
•
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•
Abolitionist
Northern Factory worker
Copperhead
Farmer in a border state
Southerner