Transcript Road to Civil War, Civil War and Reconstruction

Road to Civil War, Civil War and
Reconstruction
Chapter 2
I. Mexican War
II. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
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Feb. 1848—Ends Mexican War
CA, NM (including UT, NV, AZ)
Rio Grande River the southern boundary
Mexico gets $15 million
III. 1850s—Decade of Crisis
1850s—Decade of Crisis (cont’d)
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1849—80,000+ flood CA
CA a free or slave state?
CA a slave state?
Extend the Missouri Line?
IV. Compromise of 1850
Compromise of 1850 (cont’d)
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CA free state
Slavery unrestricted in UT & NM territories
TX gets $10 million for land
Slave trade abolished in D.C. & MD
Fugitive Slave Act
V. Kansas-Nebraska Act
1. Republican Party—Opposed to the expansion of slavery & KS/NE Act.
Roger Taney
Dred Scott
VI. John Brown
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Harper’s Ferry, VA
Big slave rebellion?
Failure
Caught, tried, executed
Confederate Army begins….
VII. The South Secedes
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Dec. 20, 1860—SC secedes
Protect state’s rights, slavery, & way of life
MS, FL, AL, GA, LA, TX followed. (Later VA, AK, NC)
Feb. 1861—Confederate States of America
Pres. Jefferson Davis
The South Secedes (cont’d)
6. Fort Sumter, Charleston, SC
7. S. opens canon fire; Union gives up the Federal Garrison
8. Conf. celebrated their 1st victory; Civil War begins. (Bloodies war in
U.S. history)
VIII. Civil War
Anaconda Plan
1. Union Plan--Gen. Winfield Scott—4 Phase Plan
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1st Phase—Union Navy blockade ALL Southern Ports
2nd Phase—Control the Mississippi River
3rd Phase—March through GA; up to Carolinas
4th Phase—Capture capital at Richmond, VA
Antietam
1. Antietam—Bloodiest day
2. 22,000 dead
3. Sept. 1862—TURNING POINT—Kept Confederates from getting
foreign aid!
Emancipation Proclamation
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Jan. 1, 1863.
Gave N. moral justification
England agreed; won’t help the S.
Ex-slaves/free blacks joined Union
54th Mass. Infantry
IX. 1863: Turning Point
1. 1863: War Tips to the North
2. 2. 1862-1863 Union loses at Battle of Fredericksburg and
Chancellorsville
3. June 1863—Gettysburg, PA
4. Bloodiest overall battle of the war
5. Lee; never again try to attack the N.
6. Confederate fate sealed at Gettysburg
7. Won’t get European support; never win again
8. July 4, 1863—Vicksburg, MS
9. Union (Grant) got control of Miss. River
10. Gettysburg Address
11. Jan. 1864—Grant Commander of the Union Army
Sherman’s March to the Sea
X. Consequences
1.Generation lost; 620,000
2.Women: nurses, vet. hospitals, at home, etc.
3.1865: 4 million new Americans (13th Amend.)
4.Politics: preserving the Union; federal gov. supreme
5.American democracy survived
6. Reconstructionindustrialization
XI. Reconstruction
1. 13th Amendment—Abolishes slavery
2. 14th Amendment, 1868
1. Protect Rights of all U.S. citizens
2. Due process & equal protection
3. No state/fed. office; Conf. officers
3. 15th Amendment 1868,
1. States can’t prevent citizens from voting based on: race, color,
or previous servitude